Stain susceptibility of composite and ceramic CAD/CAM blocks versus direct resin composites with different resinous matrices

Abstract

To evaluate the stain susceptibility of CAD/ CAM blocks and direct composite after long term exposure to various staining agents. 40 disk-shaped samples were fabricated from each of nine materials; six CAD/CAM (Vitablocs Mark II, Paradigm MZ100, Experimental Vita Hybrid Ceramic, Vita Enamic, Experimental Kerr and Lava Ultimate) and three direct composites (Filtek Supreme, Venus Diamond and Filtek Silorane). Samples were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8) according to different staining solutions (distilled water, tea, red wine, coffee and artificial saliva). Initial L*a*b* values were assessed using a calibrated digital spectrophotometer. Specimens were immersed in staining solutions and stored in an incubator at 37°C for 120 days. L*a*b* values were assessed again and color change (DE) was calculated as difference between recorded L*a*b* values. ANOVA, and Duncan test were used to identify differences between groups (a = 0.05). Significant differences in DE values were detected between materials (p = 0.000). Among all staining solutions, the highest DE value was observed with red wine. The new CAD/CAM blocks (Vita Enamic, Vita Hybrid Ceramic and Lava Ultimate) showed the highest resistance to staining compared to the MZ100 composite resin blocks. Filtek Silorane, a direct composite, showed high stain resistance values compared to CAD/CAM materials and other direct composites. Ceramic and composite CAD/CAM blocks had lower staining susceptibility than methacrylate based direct composite. Staining susceptibility of the new resin based CAD/CAM materials Vita Enamic and Lava Ultimate was comparable to feldspathic ceramic blocks (Vitablocs Mark II). Filtek Silorane showed promising results that were comparable to some CAD/CAM blocks.

Investigating the color changes on resin‐based CAD/CAM Blocks

“…The study by Alharbi et al, on the color stability of feldspathic ceramic blocks, hybrid ceramic blocks, composite blocks, and direct composites, reports that the highest discoloration occurred in wine and coffee exposure. Also, the ceramic and composite CAD/CAM blocks have a lower staining susceptibility than methacrylate‐based direct composite …”

Evaluation of Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Bulk-Fill Resin Composites and Nanocomposites

“…Both materials have similar filler particles and aggregated zirconia-silica cluster filler, but the structure of resin monomers and filler loadings were different. In some studies, it has been shown that FU (or Filtek Supreme) was most prone to discoloration (16,17), which might be attributed to its less-than-ideal integration of the nano-aggregated cluster fillers that are loosely bound agglomerates of nano-sized particles. Nano-composites and their clusters have a much larger surface area per unit mass, which may cause staining when their interface is not perfectly silanized and integrated into the resin (18).…”

In‐office bleaching efficacy on stain removal from CAD/CAM and direct resin composite materials

“…Stained samples from a previous investigation were used in this study. Their preparation and staining are described in detail by Alharbi et al In brief, 40 disk‐shaped samples measuring 10 mm in diameter and 1 mm in thickness were constructed from each material (Table ) . The CAD/CAM blocks were sectioned using a low‐speed diamond saw (Minitom; Struers, Ballerup, Denmark) under water cooling.…”

“…This study was carried out as part of a series of studies on resin‐based CAD/CAM materials. The first part aimed to evaluate the stain susceptibility of resin‐based CAD/CAM materials compared to direct resin composites with various resinous matrices . The subsequent part was designed to evaluate the efficacy of bleaching on stain removal.…”