Stainless steel in concrete structures and in the fastening technique

Abstract

This paper summarises the state of the art in the application of stainless steel in concrete structures as well as in the fastening technique. Fabrication and application of stainless steel in civil engineering has been undergoing development for many years. Today this material is available in different alloy compositions and has an excellent long-time resistivity in natural environments and in contact with wet construction materials, which offer a technically attractive and also economical approach for civil engineering, primarily for corrosion endangered bearing construction elements. The higher initial cost of using stainless steel can be justified on the basis that the increase in total project cost is small and is easily overtaken by the benefits of lower maintenance and repair costs. Actually stainless steel has been used in reinforced concrete and in fastening techniques for many years. The current concerns of research is the application of high-strength stainless steel in prestressed concrete structures.

Electrochemical response of natural and induced passivation of high strength duplex stainless steels in alkaline media

“…At least 50-70% of reduction is needed for a HSSS [29,30]. The cold drawing process increases the tensile strength and the 2% proof stress of the SS and induces changes in the microstructure of the SS (e.g., deformation in the grain size).…”

Damage tolerance of cold drawn ferritic–austenitic stainless steels wires for prestressed concrete

“…Recently published investigations confirm that ferritic-austenitic stainless steel preserves its low susceptibility to the stress corrosion cracking and hydrogen embrittlement when converted to a high strength wire [3,5] by cold drawing. These results justify the interest of assessing those aspects of the mechanical behaviour of cold drawn stainless steel wires concerning their use as active reinforcement for concrete prestressing.…”

“…These stainless steel reinforcements are offering a good combination of strength, toughness, and high ductility, together with long term resistance to the corrosive attack of aggressive environments, including the concrete in which the rebar is buried [3,4]. Such a performance of stainless steel as concrete reinforcement invites to explore its use as prestressing steel, provided that it can be endowed with the required strength.…”

Effect of cold-drawn induced anisotropy on the failure of high strength eutectoid and duplex steel wires

“…According to recent research, high-strength duplex steel wire might be a promising solution, since it can be manufactured by maintaining equal volume fractions of austenitic and ferritic phases despite cold drawing [1,3,9]. Alloying elements, such as Ni, Mn and Cu, are austenite stabilisers and mitigate the volume fraction of strain-induced martensite.…”