“…It refers to the circumstance of extreme negative values in the distribution of returns on specific stocks (Chen et al, 2001;Kim et al, 2014;Thuy et al, 2022). Recent literature has begun to investigate the impact of CSR on crash risk, however, yielding mixed findings (Dumitrescu & Zakriya, 2021;Kim et al, 2014;Lee, 2016;Wu & Hu, 2019). Socially responsible firms are likely to disclose sufficient and objective CSR information, which results in less financial opacity, and a smaller likelihood that the stock price will deviate from the intrinsic value of the firm (Gelb & Strawser, 2001).…”