Stamina-Enhancing Effects of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

Abstract

Stamina-enhancing effects of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) were investigated in young Sprague-Dawley rats. Ten-day-old male rats were transplanted intravenously (IV) or intracerebroventricularly (ICV) with hADSCs (1 × 106 cells/rat), and physical activity was measured by locomotor activity and rota-rod performance at post-natal day (PND) 14, 20, 30, and 40, as well as a forced swimming test at PND 41. hADSCs injection increased the moving time in locomotor activity, the latency in rota-rod performance, and the maximum swimming time. For the improvement of physical activity, ICV transplantation was superior to IV injection. In biochemical analyses, ICV transplantation of hADSCs markedly reduced serum creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, and muscular lipid peroxidation, the markers for muscular and hepatic injuries, despite the reduction in muscular glycogen and serum triglycerides as energy sources. Notably, hADSCs secreted brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor in vitro, and increased the level of BDNF in the brain and muscles in vivo. The results indicate that hADSCs enhance physical activity including stamina not only by attenuating tissue injury, but also by strengthening the muscles via production of BDNF.

Repeated Intravenous Administration of Human Neural Stem Cells Producing Choline Acetyltransferase Exerts Anti-Aging Effects in Male F344 Rats

“…In particular, BDNF, IGF, and GDNF facilitated muscle growth, myofiber differentiation, axonal sprouting, muscle innervation, synaptic plasticity, and ACh receptor expression in the neuromuscular junction [19,[54][55][56][57]. Therefore, such GFs and NFs increased by stem cell administration might have led to the muscular innervation and activation of cholinergic and dopaminergic nerves, as observed in our study demonstrating a major role of BDNF in the stamina-enhancing effect of ADSCs [22]. In addition, VEGF enhanced muscular angiogenesis for sufficient glucose and oxygen supplies [58,59].…”

“…NSC transplantation enhanced learning and memory function in aged animals [21]. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) enhanced stamina not only by attenuating tissue injury but also by strengthening the muscles via the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) [22]. In addition, we established human NSCs encoding the ChAT gene (named F3.ChAT cells), an enzyme responsible for ACh synthesis, by inserting the ChAT gene into the F3 NSC line.…”

Repeated Intravenous Administration of Human Neural Stem Cells Encoding Choline Acetyltransferase Gene Exhibits Anti-ageing Activities Displaying Enhanced Cognitive and Physical Functions

“…Moreover, GDNF controls muscle innervation and ACh receptor expression in neuromuscular junction. As observed our study demonstrating a major role of BDNF in the stamina-enhancing effect of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) [60], GFs and NFs increased by stem cell transplantation might led to the muscular innervation and activation of cholinergic and dopaminergic nerves. Notably, F3.ChAT transplantation recovered the decreased microvessel density in muscles of aged rats, leading to an increase in muscle mass as well as attenuation of brain atrophy.…”

Red rice bran aqueous extract ameliorate diabetic status by inhibiting intestinal glucose transport in high fat diet/STZ-induced diabetic rats

“…The hepatic and muscle glycogen levels determination were modified as previously described. 25 The frozen liver and soleus muscle were digested for 30 min in 30 % Potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution at 95 °C for glycogen determination. Its extraction was performed in two stages of precipitation by using 1 M of sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) and ethanol solution under heat and centrifuged at 20,000× g for 5 min.…”