Stand composition, proximity to overstory trees and gradients of soil moisture influence patterns of subalpine fir seedling emergence and survival

Buck, Joshua R.; Clair, Samuel B. St.

doi:10.1007/s11104-014-2094-9

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The spatial scale at which these factors operate may differ strongly and range from an area encompassing the entire stand to close proximity of single trees. In fact, research shows that in mixed forests, microsites occupied by different species may differ from the neighbouring background in many properties important for establishing regeneration, including light conditions (Stadt and Lieffers 2000), topsoil moisture and pH (Paluch and Gruba 2012), ectohumus layer thickness (Bens et al 2006;Buck and St Clair 2014), forest floor vegetation (Saetre 1999), abundance of soil fungi (Frankland 1998) and fungal pathogens (Kotanen 2007) and mycorrhiza colonization rates (Cline et al 2007) or seedling mycorrhiza diversity (Grebenc et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regeneration patterns of the late-successional Abies alba Mill.: inhibition in monospecific stands and colonization in mixed stands

Paluch

Kolodziej

Skrzyszewski

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

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Abstract& Key message In Abies alba Mill. stands and mixed stands of A. alba and Picea abies L. (H. Karst), microsites neighbouring the trunks of adult trees were more conducive to A. alba regeneration. Although at the stand level, the effect of Fagus sylvatica L. was positive; the local effect of the adult F. sylvatica neighbourhood was insignificant. Hence, forming mixed stands with a fine-grained mosaic of admixed species might better facilitate natural regeneration of A. alba than monospecific stands.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regeneration patterns of the late-successional Abies alba Mill.: inhibition in monospecific stands and colonization in mixed stands

Paluch

Kolodziej

Skrzyszewski

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

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“…The distance to which seeds of Pinus mugo are released depends on shrub height, wind intensity and wind direction, seed weight, slope inclination and terrain morphology (Holtmeier, 2009). The facilitative effect of mature stands on seedlings should also be considered (Holtmeier & Broll, 2007; Maher & Germino, 2006; Maher, Germino, & Hasselquist, 2005) including effects associated with stand species composition (Buck & St. Clair, 2014). In our case, seedlings also occurred more frequently than random with the nearest adult pine stands to the south or east from them, though the differences between individual directions were relatively low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shrub migration largely depends on successful seed dispersal and seedling establishment (Holtmeier, 2009). While seed‐based reproduction characteristics (seed production, germination, survival, microsite preferences) of treeline trees are well described for many tree species (Buck & St. Clair, 2014; Calder & St. Clair, 2012; Frei et al, 2018; Kharuk, Ranson, Im, & Dvinskaya, 2009; Šenfeldr & Maděra, 2011), information on these characteristics for subalpine and alpine shrubs is relatively rare (Dullinger et al, 2003). Seedling establishment requires overcoming several successive recruitment bottlenecks (Loranger, Zotz, & Bader, 2016; Wieser & Tausz, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which generative reproduction characteristics determine successful establishment of the subalpine shrub Pinus mugo?

Šenfeldr

Treml

2020

J Vegetation Science

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Questions: Shrub expansion in arctic, alpine and subalpine areas has been occurring recently due to warming, land abandonment and increasing nitrogen deposition.However, shrub expansion is strongly affected by largely unknown site-specific regeneration patterns. We evaluated the importance of seed production, suitable microsite availability and seedling survival for seedling establishment of the subalpine conifer shrub Pinus mugo.Location: Hrubý Jeseník Mts., Czech Republic (50° N, 17° E). Methods: We collected data on: (a) seed quantity and quality; (b) seedling microsite preferences; and (c) seedling survival during initial ontogenetic stages. From 2006 to 2016 we assessed cone production annually and tested seed viability every second year. Microsite preferences were analyzed for 650 seedlings at six sites. The following microsite characteristics were recorded for 1-m 2 around each seedling: percentage of bare surface; surrounding plant species cover; surface shape; and organic horizon thickness. Additionally, distance and direction to the nearest adult pine were recorded. Finally, we tested survival of 200 newly established seedlings in relation to microsite type. Results: Seed source and viability were not critical factors for seedling establishment. Far more important was the presence of suitable bare-surface microhabitats with thin or no organic layer near mature pine stands. Vegetation communities dominated by Avenella flexuosa and Nardus stricta facilitated seedling establishment; communities dominated by Vaccinium myrtillus showed strong competitive effects on seedlings. Vegetation's effect on seedling establishment was closely related to disturbance regime, which influences vegetation type. Seedling mortality was highest in the first year of life irrespective of microsite vegetation type. Highest mortality was associated with open mineral-soil microsites, while microsites with dense herbaceous vegetation showed the lowest.Conclusions: Potential Pinus mugo expansion will occur in close proximity to existing mature stands, and its intensity will be strongly modified by site-specific density of suitable microsites and/or dominant species of host communities. |

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“…Gene transmission between the parent generation and its progeny is also strongly influenced by natural selection and environmental filtering. The reproductive success of adult individuals depends greatly on the coincidence of their seed crop years with the occurrence of disturbing events reducing canopy density (Beaudet et al 2007;Bladé and Vallejo 2008), environmental heterogeneity (Snyder and Chesson 2004;Buck and Clair 2014), and the dynamics of biotic factors affecting progeny survival (Nopp-Mayr et al 2012;Paluch and Stępniewska 2012). These factors could, by narrowing the recruitment windows or generating bottleneck effects, be a source of an imbalance in gene representation (Konnert and Hussendörfer 2001;Vranckx et al 2014).…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of population density on gene flow between adult trees and the seedling bank in Abies alba Mill.

Paluch¹,

Zarek²,

Kempf³

2019

Eur J Forest Res

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Populations of smaller effective sizes or subjected to strong environmental filtering have a higher risk of stochastic changes in their genetic properties. This study tested the hypothesis that reducing the density of parent trees combined with environmental filtering during the stage of regeneration establishment affects gene flow between the parent and offspring populations of Abies alba Mill. The genetic variation and spatial genetic structure of parent trees and seedlings were compared in the Western Carpathians (southern Poland) in 27 stands with varying adult tree and regeneration densities. The analysis comprised 1592 individuals and was based on five nuclear microsatellite markers. The proportion of stands with significant spatial genetic structure in the adult tree and seedling cohorts increased as the density of adult trees decreased. The genetic differentiation between adult trees and seedlings expressed by the fixation index F ST was between 0.005 and 0.021 and increased as the density of adult trees decreased but was not correlated with the seedling abundance. At the within-stand level, the analysis revealed shifts in the average number of alleles per locus (between − 15% and + 28%), the observed heterozygosity (between − 25% and + 20%) and expected heterozygosity (between − 8% and + 11%) between the populations of adult trees and seedlings. It was concluded that in mixed stands with densities of A. alba trees about 50 adult individuals per ha, there may be some risk of reduced effective population size and disturbed vertical gene flow, but significant shifts in the level of genetic variation are less likely.

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Stand composition, proximity to overstory trees and gradients of soil moisture influence patterns of subalpine fir seedling emergence and survival

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

Regeneration patterns of the late-successional Abies alba Mill.: inhibition in monospecific stands and colonization in mixed stands

Regeneration patterns of the late-successional Abies alba Mill.: inhibition in monospecific stands and colonization in mixed stands

Which generative reproduction characteristics determine successful establishment of the subalpine shrub Pinus mugo?

The effect of population density on gene flow between adult trees and the seedling bank in Abies alba Mill.

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