Standard skin prick testing and sensitization to inhalant allergens across Europe – a survey from the GA<sup>2</sup>LEN network*

Heinzerling, Lucie; Frew, Anthony J.; Bindslev‐Jensen, Carsten; Бонини, С.; Bousquet, Jean; Bresciani, M; Carlsen, K-H.; Cauwenberge, Paul Van; Darsow, Ulf; Fokkens, Wytske J.; Haahtela, Tari; Hoecke, Helen Van; Jessberger, B.; Kowalski, Marek L.; Kopp, Tamara; Lahoz, Carlos; Carlsen, Kai‐Håkon; Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G.; Ring, J.; Schmid‐Grendelmeier, Peter; Vignola, A. M.; Wöhrl, Stefan; Zuberbier, Torsten

doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00895.x

Cited by 221 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…14 We cannot completely exclude the possibility of sensitization to allergens not routinely tested, nor can we apply the findings to monosensitized patients. However, it is likely that the amount of s-IgE in the serum reflects the degree of environmental exposure to individual allergens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…We considered the result of ASI to 4 aeroallergens epidemiologically very important in our geographic area (ie, grass, P judaica, O europea, and HDM) in a total of 279 patients. 14 Tests to predict the outcome of ASI would be of tremendous help in daily practice, but data about this aspect of immunotherapy have not been reported. Therefore we evaluated clinical, functional, and laboratory characteristics evaluated at the time of clinical diagnosis and analyzed the variables that were statistically different between the patients with effective and ineffective clinical responses to ASI after 4 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A positive response was defined as any wheal with a diameter 3 mm larger than that elicited by the negative control 15 minutes after application. 14 The wheal diameters were reported for each patient. NA, Not applicable.…”

Section: Vasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of serum s-IgE/total IgE ratio in predicting clinical response to allergen-specific immunotherapy

Lorenzo

Mansueto

Pacor

et al. 2009

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

174

148

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Background: To date, no predictive tests for the clinical response to allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASI) are available. Therefore an in vivo or in vitro test would be of great value. Objective: We sought to evaluate pretreatment parameters used in diagnosing allergic rhinitis and determining serum specific IgE (s-IgE) levels, serum total IgE (t-IgE) levels, and blood eosinophil counts and to identify whether can be used to predict clinical improvement in monosensitized patients with allergic rhinitis with or without asthma treated with immunotherapy. Methods: We analyzed 279 patients who had undergone 4 years of ASI administered either by means of the subcutaneous immunotherapy (76 patients) or sublingual immunotherapy (203 patients) routes. Serum t-IgE and s-IgE levels, blood eosinophil counts, and serum s-IgE/t-IgE ratios were calculated and tested for correlation with clinical response to ASI. Receiver operating characteristic curves were determined. Predicted probabilities and predictive areas under the curve were calculated. Results: The clinical response to ASI was effective in 145 (52.0%) of 279 total patients, 42 (55.2%) of 76 patients treated with subcutaneous immunotherapy, and 103 (50.7%) of 203 patients treated with sublingual immunotherapy. A significant correlation was found between the serum s-IgE/t-IgE ratio and the clinical response to ASI, with high ratios (>16.2) associated with an effective response. The sensitivity and specificity of the area under the curve of the ratio were higher than those of serum s-IgE and t-IgE alone. Conclusion: The calculation of the serum s-IgE/t-IgE ratio for predicting the clinical response to ASI offers an advantage over measuring t-IgE and s-IgE levels in monosensitized patients for the following allergens: grass, Parietaria judaica,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of serum s-IgE/total IgE ratio in predicting clinical response to allergen-specific immunotherapy

Lorenzo

Mansueto

Pacor

et al. 2009

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

174

148

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“…This epidemiologic study can be used to characterize the NAR phenotype, co-morbidities and social consequences. Skin tests are standardized between GA 2 LEN centers (148). The use of standardized extracts optimized by CREATE (149) will improve the detection of allergic patients.…”

Section: How Eu Projects Can Helpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Important research questions in allergy and related diseases: nonallergic rhinitis: a GA²LEN paper

Bousquet

Fokkens

Burney

et al. 2008

Allergy

Self Cite

170

148

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Important research questions in allergy and related diseases: nonallergic rhinitis: a GA 2 LEN paper Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) can be defined as a chronic nasal inflammation which is not caused by systemic IgE-dependent mechanisms. It is common and probably affects far more than 200 million people worldwide. Both children and adults are affected. However, its exact prevalence is unknown and its phenotypes need to be evaluated using appropriate methods to better understand its pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. It is important to differentiate between infectious rhinitis, allergic/NAR and chronic rhinosinusitis, as management differs for each of these cases. Characterization of the phenotype, mechanisms and management of NAR represents one of the major unmet needs in allergic and nonallergic diseases. Studies on children and adults are required in order to appreciate the prevalence, phenotype, severity and co-morbidities of NAR. These studies should compare allergic and NAR and consider different age group populations including elderly subjects. Mechanistic studies should be carried out to better understand the disease(s) and risk factors and to guide towards an improved diagnosis and therapy. These studies need to take the heterogeneity of NAR into account. It is likely that neuronal mechanisms, T cells, innate immunity and possibly auto-immune responses all play a role in NAR and may also contribute to the symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

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“…Skin prick tests (SPT) can provide reliable information on this subject when an appropriate group of allergen extracts is selected. Currently, some medical centres are directing their efforts at obtaining a European Standard Allergen Panel to improve the accuracy of this diagnostic method [13]. There are also patients with a strong evidence of allergy that present negative SPT to common allergens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated neopterin levels in non-allergic asthma

et al. 2007

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Neopterin is synthesized by human monocyte-derived macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-␥ (IFN-␥). Measurement of neopterin concentration is useful to monitor cell-mediated (Th1-type) immune activation.In this study, we aimed to analyze the behaviour of neopterin in long lasting asthma considering its role as a marker of the Th1 environment and to establish the distinction between patients belonging either to the allergic or the non-allergic population, particularly in the elderly where asthma is often under diagnosed. Therefore we evaluated allergic parameters such as skin prick tests, IgE and hemogram (eosinophils count), and we compared our findings with neopterin values found in an age-matched control population.A group of individuals older than 65 was selected. It included 64 asthmatic patients (mean age 72 ± 5 years) and 41 healthy individuals (mean age 79 ± 7 years). In our study population, 42 patients presented positive skin tests, mainly to house dust mites. All patients were clinically stable and presented an average percentage of predicted forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) of 73.6 ± 25.3 and predicted median expiratory flow percentage (MEF50) of 38.8 ± 26.7.Blood cell counts showed statistically different mean values of eosinophils between allergic and non-allergic controls (5.42 ± 4.7% versus 2.8 ± 2.8%; p < 0.04). IgE values were increased in allergic asthmatic patients when compared with non-allergic asthmatic patients (493.2 ± 549.8 IU/ml versus 85.3 ± 194.4 IU/ml; p = 0.000).Allergic asthmatic patients presented mean neopterin levels similar to those found in the control group (2.4 ± 2.8 ng/ml versus 2.1 ± 1.9 ng/ml). In contrast, in non-allergic asthmatic patients these values were higher when compared with the control group (4.0 ± 4.7 ng/ml versus 2.1 ± 1.9 ng/ml). Neopterin levels were lower in allergic asthmatic patients when compared with non-allergic asthmatic patients (2.4 ± 2.8 ng/ml versus 4.0 ± 4.7 ng/ml).Within asthmatic patients, those with higher neopterin values (>2.1 ng/ml) presented lower mean IgE values (IgE ≤ 336.58 IU) than those with lower neopterin values (≤2.1 ng/ml) who presented mean IgE values of 402.70 IU.Our initial findings may lead to a better understanding of the immunoinflammatory pathways in asthma. Further studies will probably show that serum neopterin could became a useful marker for asthma classification including in elderly patients with long lasting disease.

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Standard skin prick testing and sensitization to inhalant allergens across Europe – a survey from the GA²LEN network*

Cited by 221 publications

References 49 publications

Evaluation of serum s-IgE/total IgE ratio in predicting clinical response to allergen-specific immunotherapy

Evaluation of serum s-IgE/total IgE ratio in predicting clinical response to allergen-specific immunotherapy

Important research questions in allergy and related diseases: nonallergic rhinitis: a GA²LEN paper

Elevated neopterin levels in non-allergic asthma

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Standard skin prick testing and sensitization to inhalant allergens across Europe – a survey from the GA2LEN network*

Cited by 221 publications

References 49 publications

Evaluation of serum s-IgE/total IgE ratio in predicting clinical response to allergen-specific immunotherapy

Evaluation of serum s-IgE/total IgE ratio in predicting clinical response to allergen-specific immunotherapy

Important research questions in allergy and related diseases: nonallergic rhinitis: a GA2LEN paper

Elevated neopterin levels in non-allergic asthma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Standard skin prick testing and sensitization to inhalant allergens across Europe – a survey from the GA²LEN network*

Important research questions in allergy and related diseases: nonallergic rhinitis: a GA²LEN paper