Standardisation between livestock classes: the use and misuse of the stock unit system

Parker, W. J.

doi:10.33584/jnzg.1998.60.2277

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Ewes, rams, and replacement lambs were included in sheep stock units for expense estimations. Each stock unit was approximately 5500 MJ ME (metabolisable energy) annually [ 38 ], and was adjusted for mature ewes and hoggets based on their liveweight and weaning rate [ 39 ]. Shearing expenses were NZD 10.98 per ewe and NZD 3.71 per lamb born to mature ewes (lambs born to hoggets were sold before shearing in January) [ 40 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Impact of Hogget Breeding Performance on Profitability under a Fixed Feed Supply Scenario in New Zealand

Farrell

Kenyon

Tozer

et al. 2021

Animals

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Hoggets (ewe lambs aged 4 to 16 months) can be bred from approximately 8 months of age for potentially increased flock production and profit, however most New Zealand hoggets are not presented for breeding and their reproductive success is highly variable. Bio-economic modelling was used to analyse flock productivity and profit in four sets of scenarios for ewe flocks with varying mature ewe (FWR) and hogget (HWR) weaning rate combinations. Firstly, hogget breeding was identified to become profitable when break-even HWRs of 26% and 28% were achieved for flocks with FWRs of 135% and 150%, respectively. Secondly, relatively smaller improvements in FWR were identified to increase profit to the same level as larger improvements in HWR. Thirdly, a high performing flock with FWR and HWR both ≥ the 90th percentile currently achieved commercially, was the most profitable flock modelled. Fourthly, a FWR was identified with which a farmer not wishing to breed hoggets could have the same profit as a farmer with a flock achieving current industry average FWR and HWR. Overall, the relative profit levels achieved by the modelled flocks suggest that more farmers should consider breeding their hoggets, though improvements in FWRs should be prioritised.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Impact of Hogget Breeding Performance on Profitability under a Fixed Feed Supply Scenario in New Zealand

Farrell

Kenyon

Tozer

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…The animal densities were converted to stock unit (SU) equivalents to provide a measure of land use intensity that is comparable across the different stock types (Di and Cameron 2002;McDowell and Wilcock 2008;Ledgard et al 2011). The SU equivalent is a commonly used measure of metabolic demand by livestock in New Zealand (Parker 1998;Trafford and Trafford 2011). The density of animals of each type in each catchment was converted to stocking intensity (SU ha À1 ) by multiplying by their SU equivalent.…”

Section: Land Use Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attribution of river water-quality trends to agricultural land use and climate variability in New Zealand

Snelder¹,

Larned

Monaghan

et al. 2021

Mar. Freshwater Res.

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Trends at 1051 river monitoring sites across New Zealand incrementing annually for time windows of 10 and 20 years over the 28-year period ending 2017 were assessed from regular observations of six water quality variables. Between-site variation in trend strength and direction was modelled as a function of an indicator based on the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and the mean of and changes to catchment: (1) stocking intensity associated with pastoral livestock; and (2) area associated with plantation forest. The SOI indicator made consistent contributions to the models for the 10-year windows, but the land use indicators did not, indicating that land use signals were generally swamped by the effects of climate variability at this timescale. Some land use indicators made consistent and certain contributions to the models for the 20-year time windows. Depending on the water quality variable, some land use indicators were associated with both water quality improvement and degradation. The relationships were generally consistent with plausible explanations including changes in land use, land use intensity and land management practices. Robust attribution of water quality changes to changes to specific agricultural land uses will enable the development of precise and effective policies to achieve water quality improvement.

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“…El trabajo que dio gran impulso al uso del indicador fue realizado por Coop (1965), quién reportó un coeficiente de equivalencia ovino/bovino 6:1. El sistema de equivalencia con base en los trabajos de Coop fue revisado en diversos trabajos (Cornforth & Sinclair, 1984;Fleming, 2003;Parker, 1998;Woodford & Nicol, 2004), y destaca la revisión realizada por el MAF (Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry) en 1992 (Cuadro 3). 7.…”

Section: Cuadro 2 Stock Animal Y Tierra (Millones) Y Tasas De Crecimiunclassified

Desempeño relativo de la productividad física de la ganadería de Nueva Zelanda y Uruguay, 1870-2010

Scanniello

2020

HIST AGRAR

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In the nineteenth century, New Zealand and Uruguay were new European settler societies and rich in natural resources. Both countries engaged with the world economy as producers and exporters of livestock products. However, these countries exhibited divergent long-term development. The aim of this article is to identify the main historical tendencies associated with the relative physical productivity of livestock in both countries and to understand convergent-divergent processes in light of their technological trajectories. The main synthetic indicators used in agrarian sciences, such as Livestock Units and Meat Equivalents, are reviewed and a series of corrections that account for the specific features of each agrarian system is proposed for the usual aggregation methods. The technological trajectories that affected livestock productivity growth are also compared. The main results indicate that Uruguayan livestock production fell behind that of New Zealand due to the technological trajectory followed by each country. In the nineteenth century, Uruguay had very favourable natural conditions for livestock production. It did not develop technologies to improve soil and land productivity until the second half of the twentieth century. In contrast, New Zealand began to improve grassland productivity during the nineteenth century in order to increase and diversify livestock production.

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Standardisation between livestock classes: the use and misuse of the stock unit system

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Determining the Impact of Hogget Breeding Performance on Profitability under a Fixed Feed Supply Scenario in New Zealand

Determining the Impact of Hogget Breeding Performance on Profitability under a Fixed Feed Supply Scenario in New Zealand

Attribution of river water-quality trends to agricultural land use and climate variability in New Zealand

Desempeño relativo de la productividad física de la ganadería de Nueva Zelanda y Uruguay, 1870-2010

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