Standardisation of Garlic Powder Preparations by the Estimation of Free and Hydrolysable SH Groups

Pentz, R; Guo, Zhang; Kress, Gabriele; Müller, Daniel R.; Müller, Bernd; Siegers, C.‐P.

doi:10.1055/s-2006-961370

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The most important researches showing that elimination from crushed fresh garlic a class of volatile sulphur compounds called thiosulfinates [56]. The sulphur content of the garlic is very close to 1.0 % of its dry weight (0.35 % of its fresh weight) [57], [58]. The efficacy of sulphur compound against coccidiosis was firstly confirmed by Herrick and Holmes [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and garlic (Allium sativum) on Eimeria species in broilers

Elkhtam¹,

Shata

El-Hewaity³

2014

International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

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In this study, powders were evaluated for their anticoccidial effects. In in vitro, sporulated oocysts of mixed Eimeria species isolated from naturally infected chickens were randomly assigned to 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.6, 0.3, 0.2 and 0.08 g turmeric and garlic powders /liter distilled water (g/L). The efficacy of garlic was higher (up to 80%) than turmeric (up to 66.6%) at different concentrations. In the in vivo study, one-day old chicks were divided into 7 equal groups. All groups were infected with 10.000 viable sporulated oocysts of mixed Eimeria spp. orally except G7 (-ve control). G1 and G2 were infected and supplemented with turmeric powder at 10 and 5 g/L, respectively, G3 and G4 were infected and supplemented with garlic powder at 10 and 5 g/L, respectively. G5 was infected and treated with Amprolium at 1.25 g/L, G6 (+ve control) infected, non-treated and G7 was non-infected & non-treated. Clinical signs and lesion score were less sever in garlic supplemented groups compared with turmeric supplemented groups. Reduction of total oocyst count in garlic supplemented group more than turmeric supplemented group. It is concluded that Garlic powder was more effective than turmeric powder in treatment and control of coccidiosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and garlic (Allium sativum) on Eimeria species in broilers

Elkhtam¹,

Shata

El-Hewaity³

2014

International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

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“…Garlic (Allium sativum), which is another Se-accumulating plant, can metabolize inorganic Se into selenoamino acids, such as MeSeCys and GluMeSeCys, like Indian mustard. Garlic is expected to have a larger metabolic capacity for inorganic Se and Te than Indian mustard because garlic contains a large amount of S. 10 Therefore, in this study, garlic was used in place of Indian mustard to identify Te metabolites by ESI-MS-MS. Garlic was hydroponically cultivated in tellurate-containing medium and the leaves were subjected to speciation analysis and identification of Te-containing metabolites. We intended to clarify the metabolism of Te in garlic using HPLC-ICP-MS and to identify unknown Te-containing metabolites using HPLC-ESI-MS-MS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation and identification of tellurium-containing metabolites in garlic, Allium sativum

et al. 2013

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Tellurium (Te) is a widely used metalloid in industry because of its unique chemical and physical properties. However, information about the biological and toxicological activities of Te in plants and animals is limited. Although Te is expected to be metabolized in organisms via the same pathway as sulfur and selenium (Se), no precise metabolic pathways are known in organisms, particularly in plants. To reveal the metabolic pathway of Te in plants, garlic, a well-known Se accumulator, was chosen as the model plant. Garlic was hydroponically cultivated and exposed to sodium tellurate, and Te-containing metabolites in the water extract of garlic leaves were identified using HPLC coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) or electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS-MS). At least three Te-containing metabolites were detected using HPLC-ICP-MS, and two of them were subjected to HPLC-ESI-MS-MS for identification. The MS spectra obtained by ESI-MS-MS indicated that the metabolite was Te-methyltellurocysteine oxide (MeTeCysO). Then, MeTeCysO was chemically synthesized and its chromatographic behavior matched with that of the Te-containing metabolite in garlic. The other was assigned as cysteine S-methyltellurosulfide. These results suggest that garlic can assimilate tellurate, an inorganic Te compound, and tellurate is transformed into a Te-containing amino acid, the so-called telluroamino acid. This is the first report addressing that telluroamino acid is de novo synthesized in a higher plant.

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“…Both these genera are known to have high concentrations of endogenous sulphur compounds. For example, the sulphur content of garlic powder is reported as about 1% (or approximately 10,000 mg kg −1 sulphur) of its dry weight (Pentz et al 1990). Some of these sulphurous compounds may be broken down to SO 2 during the OMW analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of multiple methods for the determination of sulphite in Allium and Brassica vegetables

Carlos

Jager

2016

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

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Sulphites are a family of additives regulated for use worldwide in food products. They must be declared on the label if they are present in concentrations greater than 10 mg kg−1, determined as sulphur dioxide (SO2). The current US regulatory method for sulphites, the optimised Monier–Williams method (OMW), produces false-positive results with vegetables from the Allium (garlic) and Brassica (cabbage) genera due to extraction conditions that are thought to cause endogenous sulphur compounds to release SO2. Recently, modifications to the OMW method (2× MW) were published that reportedly reduced this false-positive in garlic. However, no other vegetables from these genera have been investigated. In addition, an LC-MS/MS method was developed for sulphite analysis, but it has not yet been tested with these problematic matrices. Ten vegetable species were analysed using these sulphite methods (OMW titration, OMW gravimetric, 2× MW and LC-MS/MS) to determine the false-positive rate. Sulphite concentrations > 10 mg kg−1 SO2 were observed with the OMW analyses. The 2× MW method reduced the measured concentration in unsulphited samples to ≤ 10 mg kg−1 SO2 for all matrices analysed. The LC-MS/MS method showed concentrations < 10 mg kg−1 for the Brassica samples, but only displayed a slight reduction in the Allium matrices. Spiked recovery studies were conducted to determine if these methods can detect added sulphite. The 2× MW had recoveries of 17% and 42% for water and fresh garlic, respectively, and the LC-MS/MS had recoveries of 108%, 125%, 116% and 107% for water, fresh garlic, roasted garlic, and hummus, respectively. The low recoveries of the 2× MW may indicate that sulphur compounds cannot be properly quantified with this method. The ability to eliminate false-positives will enable accurate determination of added sulphite to ensure compliance with sulphite labelling requirements.

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Standardisation of Garlic Powder Preparations by the Estimation of Free and Hydrolysable SH Groups

Abstract: Table 1 Inhibition of guinea pig ileum contractions in the presence of the plant extracts. Plant Bath concentration % of inhibition P. bra cteatum 0.5 mg/mI 67 G. flavum 0.5 mg/mI 46 E. cailfornica 0.5 mg/rn I 57

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Efficacy of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and garlic (Allium sativum) on Eimeria species in broilers

Efficacy of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and garlic (Allium sativum) on Eimeria species in broilers

Speciation and identification of tellurium-containing metabolites in garlic, Allium sativum

Comparison of multiple methods for the determination of sulphite in Allium and Brassica vegetables

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