Standardization of cognitive radio networking: a comprehensive survey

Abstract

Cognitive radio networking has recently presented itself as a key technology to alleviate the severe spectrum underutilization and provide a solution for spectrum scarcity. Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) are foreseen as the future wireless information and communications technologies (ICT) that exploit dynamic spectrum access (DSA) strategies to provide wireless connectivity. The enabling component of CRNs and DSA is the cognitive radio (CR). A CR is a wireless device that senses the surrounding radio environment and opportunistically accesses the unutilized spectrum bands based on the activities of the surrounding primary licensed networks. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of the recent and ongoing standardization activities of the different ICT standardization bodies related to CRN and DSA systems. Unlike existing literature, our comprehensive study covers the standardization efforts of the different involved standardization bodies all over the globe. We classify such standards into TV white space standards and coexistence standards. We also discuss the standards developed to incorporate CRN and DSA concepts to existing wireless technologies.

Energy and spectral efficient SMC‐MAC protocol in distributed cognitive radio networks

“…This section presents the simulation results using MATLAB-2013 [40] for the proposed approach and their comparison with that of the conventional approach [10]. The IEEE 802.22 is first CR-based standard used for wireless regional area network in order to exploit the TV while spaces which relies on the centralised architecture [41] and to the best of authors' knowledge, the DCRN parameters are not yet standardised completely. Therefore, the numerical values of the simulation parameters are opted by inspiring from the IEEE 802.22 standard and are tabulated in Table 1.…”

Adaptación dinámica del tiempo de retraso de difusión de mensajes de emergencia en redes vehiculares cognitivas

“…Entre las bandas de radiocomunicación que han sido propuestas en la literatura para ser empleadas como la banda secundaria para las VANETs, se encuentran: las bandas de telefonía móvil (2G/3G/4G), las bandas de redes inalámbricas locales de IEEE 802.11 y las bandas de televisión digital (DTV por sus siglas en inglés, de Digital Television) particularmente en las bandas UHF y VHF. Estaúltima denominada en la literatura como la banda de los espacios en blanco de TV o TVWS (por sus siglas en inglés, de TV White Spaces) (Khattab and Bayoumi, 2015a), (Khattab and Bayoumi, 2015b). Las bandas reservadas para telefonía móvil son una buena opción cuando se tienen aplicaciones multimedia.…”