Standardized extract of Syzygium aqueum: a safe cosmetic ingredient

Abstract

Syzygium aqueum, a species in the Myrtaceae family, commonly called the water jambu is native to Malaysia and Indonesia. It is well documented as a medicinal plant, and various parts of the tree have been used in traditional medicine, for instance as an antibiotic. In this study, we show S. aqueum leaf extracts to have a significant composition of phenolic compounds, protective activity against free radicals as well as low pro-oxidant capability. Its ethanolic extract, in particular, is characterized by its excellent radical scavenging activity of EC(50) of 133 μg mL(-1) 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 65 μg mL(-1) 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 71 μg mL(-1) (Galvinoxyl), low pro-oxidant capabilities and a phenolic content of 585-670 mg GAE g(-1) extract. The extract also displayed other activities, deeming it an ideal cosmetic ingredient. A substantial tyrosinase inhibition activity with an IC(50) of about 60 μg mL(-1) was observed. In addition, the extract was also found to have anti-cellulite activity tested for its ability to cause 98% activation of lipolysis of adipocytes (fat cells) at a concentration of 25 μg mL(-1). In addition, the extract was not cytotoxic to Vero cell lines up to a concentration of 600 μg mL(-1). Although various parts of this plant have been used in traditional medicine, this is the first time it has been shown to have cosmeceutical properties. Therefore, the use of this extract, alone or in combination with other active principles, is of interest to the cosmetic industry.

Screening of phytochemical and pharmacological activities of Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston

“…Antioxidants which predominantly originate from phytochemicals have been reported to play an important role in the treatment of diabetes [34]. Our results also in accordance with previous report that showed high phenol content in S. aqueum leaf ethanol extracts may be the reason for its high anti-glycation activity [35]. Syzygium species are known to be very rich in flavonoids, tannins and other polyphenol derivatives [36][37][38][39].…”

Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activity ofSyzygium caryophyllatumandSyzygium densiflorum

“…It is found that antioxidant activity of S. caryophyllatum extracts increased proportionally to the polyphenol content with a linear relationship between DPPH values and total polyphenols 39 . The results here reported for DPPH radical scavenging are comparables and in accordance with those reported by some authors for some syzygium species extracts (S. jambolana, S. cumini, S. aqueum, S. grantum) for DPPH and other radical scavenging [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] . From this study, it can be inferred that S. caryophyllaum and S. densiflorum are also equally having antioxidant proprieties.…”

Effect of cosmetic ingredients as anticellulite agents: synergistic action of actives with in vitro and in vivo efficacy

“… 40 reported on the use of a mixture of caffeine and Nelumbo nucitera extract. Equally, Roure et al 41 reported on the effect of a mix of ingredients including the use of tetrahydroxypropylethylenediamine and Palanisamy et al 42 . used Syzgium aqueum as an activator of lipolysis.…”