Standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of meat and bone meal and soybean meal in laying hens and broilers

Adedokun, S. A.; Jaynes, P.; El‐Hack, Mohamed E. Abd; Payne, R. L.; Applegate, T. J.

doi:10.3382/ps.2013-03495

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…At the end of the trial (31 weeks of age), all birds were euthanized by stunning and exsanguination to obtain the ileal content. The ileum was removed by cutting the portion of the small intestine from Meckel’s diverticulum to about 5 mm proximal to the ileocecal junction [ 11 , 16 ]. A 4 mL syringe full of room temperature distilled water was inserted at one end of the ileum and the digesta were carefully flushed out of the gut into a 10 cm diameter Petri dish [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dietary Mineral Content and Phytase Dose on Nutrient Utilization, Performance, Egg Traits and Bone Mineralization in Laying Hens from 22 to 31 Weeks of Age

Javadi

Pascual

Cambra‐López

et al. 2021

Animals

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A total of 192 laying hens were used to evaluate the effect of dietary mineral content and phytase dose on nutrient utilization, egg production and quality and bone mineralization of young laying hens. Four dietary treatments were studied: PC, positive control with no added phytase, 4.07% Ca and 0.61% P; NC, negative control with no added phytase, 2.97% Ca and 0.37% P; and P500 and P1000, where NC diet was supplemented with phytase at 500 and 1000 FTU/kg, respectively. Hens’ performance and egg traits were controlled from 22 to 31 weeks of age. Coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of nutrients were determined at 25 and 31 weeks of age. Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and blood content of Ca and P, as well as bone traits, were determined at 31 weeks of age. Ca and P retention was higher in birds on PC diet at 25 weeks, but not at 31 weeks of age compared to those on NC diet (p < 0.05). P1000 birds had the highest CTTAD values for dry and organic matter at both ages (p < 0.001). CTTAD of Ca was significantly higher in P1000 diet than in NC diet at 31 weeks of age (p < 0.001). Birds fed with P500 diet at 25 weeks of age and P1000 at 31 weeks of age showed higher CTTAD and retention of P, but lower excretion of P than those fed NC diet (p < 0.05). Phytase inclusion linearly increased AID of dry matter and P (p < 0.001). P500 hens fed had the greatest body weight at the end of the trial (p < 0.05) and P1000 birds had the best feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). Fowl fed a PC diet produced eggs with higher shell thickness and yolk color than those fed on NC diet (p < 0.05). Phytase inclusion linearly increased the yolk color (p < 0.05). Tibia of laying hens fed with PC had significantly higher ash content than those on NC diet (p < 0.05), and birds fed with P1000 presented intermediate values. It can be concluded that it would be advisable to increase the dose of phytase in the feed of laying hens to obtain long-term benefits.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dietary Mineral Content and Phytase Dose on Nutrient Utilization, Performance, Egg Traits and Bone Mineralization in Laying Hens from 22 to 31 Weeks of Age

Javadi

Pascual

Cambra‐López

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…Among the essential AA, 4 HBPs contained high concentrations of total Arg, Leu, Lys, and Val, but low concentrations of total His and Trp. These AA compositions are likely similar to those in eggs ( Norberg et al, 2004 ; Donadelli et al, 2019 ) and other animal byproducts ( Ravindran et al, 2005 ; Adedokun et al, 2014 ; Sung et al, 2020 ). Among 4 HBPs, LDC had the highest concentrations of essential AA, followed by IFE and UHE, whereas MIX had the least concentrations of essential AA, which is likely a consequence of different amounts of eggshells included in each HBP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…In the previous studies, the average AID of AA in meat and bone meal ranged from 61 to 80%, and that in fish meal ranged from 77 to 87% ( Angkanaporn et al, 1996 ; Ravindran et al, 1999 , 2005 ; Kadim et al, 2002 ; Huang et al, 2005 ). In addition, the average SID of AA in meat and bone meal ranged from 64 to 78%, and that in fish meal ranged from 82 to 91% ( Angkanaporn et al, 1996 ; Kadim et al, 2002 ; Lemme et al, 2004 ; Adedokun et al, 2014 ). Our values for the average AID of AA in HBPs ranged from 81 to 86%, and the SID of AA ranged from 86 to 91%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of metabolizable energy and amino acid digestibility in various hatchery byproducts for broiler chickens

Kim

Choi

et al. 2022

Poultry Science

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The objective of the present experiment was to determine ME concentrations and amino acid ( AA ) digestibility in various hatchery byproducts ( HBPs ) for broiler chickens. In experiment 1, a total of forty 60-day-old female broiler chickens were allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 8 replicates and used to measure ME concentrations in HBPs. The basal diet was prepared to contain corn, soybean meal, corn oil, and other non-energy ingredients. Additional 4 experimental diets were prepared to contain 10% of infertile eggs ( IFE ), unhatched eggs ( UHE ), low-grade or dead chicks ( LDC ), and mixture ( MIX ; 55% IFE, 10% UHE, 10% LDC, and 25% hatched eggshells). In experiment 2, a total of seven hundred and sixteen 1-day-old mixed-sex broiler chickens (1:1 ratio of males and females) were allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 7 replicates per treatment and used to determine apparent ileal digestibility ( AID ) and standardized ileal digestibility ( SID ) of AA in HBPs. The experimental diets consisted of a nitrogen-free diet and 4 diets containing IFE, UHE, LDC, or MIX as a sole source of AA. Results indicated that AME and AME n values were greater ( P < 0.05) for LDC than for IFE, which had greater ( P < 0.05) AME and AME n values for UHE and MIX. The AID and SID of most AA in LDC were greater ( P < 0.05) than those in MIX, whereas IFE and UHE had intermediate AID and SID of those AA as compared to LDC and MIX. Average SID of essential AA in LDC was greater ( P < 0.05) than in UHE and MIX, but the average SID of nonessential AA did not differ among 4 HBPs. In conclusion, LDC has the greatest ME concentrations and AA digestibility among 3 individual HBPs (IFE, UHE, and LDC). The mixture of HBPs has the least ME concentrations and AA digestibility in broiler chickens. The ME and AA digestibility of HBPs are likely affected by inclusion amounts of hatched eggshells. However, high concentrations of ME and available AA demonstrate that individual HBPs and their mixture are potential protein ingredients for broiler diets.

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“…The rendering industry, through the Fats and Proteins Research Foundation, Inc. (Alexandria, VA), continues to do research to improve the consistency, quality, and safety of rendered products. The results of recent digestibility experiments suggest that differences exist in the digestive capabilities of different species and different ages within the same species, which indicates species-specific nutrient digestibility values or adjustments may be needed for best estimates of nutrient availability (Adedokun et al, 2007(Adedokun et al, , 2014Rojas and Stein, 2013).…”

Section: Digestibility Of Rendered Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COMPANION ANIMALS SYMPOSIUM: Rendered ingredients significantly influence sustainability, quality, and safety of pet food

Meeker

Meisinger

2015

Journal of Animal Science

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The rendering industry collects and safely processes approximately 25 million t of animal byproducts each year in the United States. Rendering plants process a variety of raw materials from food animal production, principally offal from slaughterhouses, but include whole animals that die on farms or in transit and other materials such as bone, feathers, and blood. By recycling these byproducts into various protein, fat, and mineral products, including meat and bone meal, hydrolyzed feather meal, blood meal, and various types of animal fats and greases, the sustainability of food animal production is greatly enhanced. The rendering industry is conscious of its role in the prevention of disease and microbiological control and providing safe feed ingredients for livestock, poultry, aquaculture, and pets. The processing of otherwise low-value OM from the livestock production and meat processing industries through rendering drastically reduces the amount of waste. If not rendered, biological materials would be deposited in landfills, burned, buried, or inappropriately dumped with large amounts of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and other compounds polluting air and water. The majority of rendered protein products are used as animal feed. Rendered products are especially valuable to the livestock and pet food industries because of their high protein content, digestible AA levels (especially lysine), mineral availability (especially calcium and phosphorous), and relatively low cost in relation to their nutrient value. The use of these reclaimed and recycled materials in pet food is a much more sustainable model than using human food for pets.

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Standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of meat and bone meal and soybean meal in laying hens and broilers

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Dietary Mineral Content and Phytase Dose on Nutrient Utilization, Performance, Egg Traits and Bone Mineralization in Laying Hens from 22 to 31 Weeks of Age

Effect of Dietary Mineral Content and Phytase Dose on Nutrient Utilization, Performance, Egg Traits and Bone Mineralization in Laying Hens from 22 to 31 Weeks of Age

Determination of metabolizable energy and amino acid digestibility in various hatchery byproducts for broiler chickens

COMPANION ANIMALS SYMPOSIUM: Rendered ingredients significantly influence sustainability, quality, and safety of pet food

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