Standardized in vivo model for studying novel regenerative approaches for multitissue bone–ligament interfaces

Abstract

The regeneration of the original structure and function of bone-ligament interfaces remains a major challenge in biomedical research. A preclinical model that maintains physiologic mechanical loads and controls for other external factors, such as microbial influence, is of great value for testing novel regenerative materials, provided that studies are performed by highly trained researchers with proper regard for animal welfare. The tooth root fenestration preclinical model is an ideal tool for hard tissue evaluation by micro-computed tomography, histological techniques and RNA analyses. The procedure starts with an extraoral incision lateral to the mandible and reflection of the masseter muscle. Superficial lateral mandibular bone is removed with standardized dimensions to expose the roots of the teeth and to eliminate periodontal ligament and cementum to expose the tooth dentin. The testing material can subsequently be applied to the defect and the flap can be repositioned and secured back in place. At specific time points, samples are collected and processed according to the subsequent analyses to be performed, which can include descriptive histology, histomorphometry, immunostaining, 3D bone imaging, electron microscopy, gene expression analyses and safety assessments.

Dual delivery nanosystem for biomolecules. Formulation, characterization, and in vitro release

“…Tissue regeneration is a complex biological action involving multiple steps in a sequential, ordered, and controlled manner [1,2]. Classically, bioactive molecules have been proposed to aid in these processes.…”

Changes in characteristics of periodontal ligament stem cells in spheroid culture

“…Male nude rats were used in this study (F344/N‐Jcl‐rnu/rnu; 7‐10 weeks of age; n = 6). Surgical procedures were performed as described in previous studies . Briefly, an incision of 1‐1.5 cm was made at the bottom of the mandible, and the buccal plate was exposed.…”

“…Surgical procedures were performed as described in previous studies. 35,37,38 Briefly, an incision of 1-1.5 cm was made at the bottom of the mandible, and the buccal plate was exposed. Then, the periodontal defects of 2 × 3 mm were created in the buccal area of mandible first molar.…”

Gelatin-assisted conglutination of aligned polycaprolactone nanofilms into a multilayered fibre-guiding scaffold for periodontal ligament regeneration

“…Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats aged of 8 weeks with a mass from 200-250 g (n ¼ 8 for each group: 3D-AL/3D-RD/blank group; obtained from the experimental Animal Centre of Sun Yat-Sen University) were used. The surgical creation of a periodontal fenestration defect was performed as previously described [20][21][22] (Fig. 6B).…”