Standardized nomenclature, symbols, and units for bone histomorphometry: A 2012 update of the report of the ASBMR Histomorphometry Nomenclature Committee

Dempster, David W.; Compston, Juliet; Drezner, Marc K.; Glorieux, Francis H.; Kanis, John А.; Malluche, Hartmut H.; Meunier, Pierre J.; Ott, Susan M.; Recker, Robert R.; Parfitt, A. M.

doi:10.1002/jbmr.1805

Cited by 2,195 publications

(1,888 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Moreover, OS/BS and Ob.S/BS was quantified on sections with Goldner staining and the mineralized surface (MS/BS) was quantified by the second florescent label. (44) Consistently, the OS/BS, Ob.S/BS, and MS/BS were lower in the normal control group in the subchondral region when compared to the VC group but higher in the siSrc and siSrcþVEGF groups (Supporting Fig. 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Histomorphometric assessment was carried out on the subchondral bone with a dedicated imaging analysis software using Image J 1.45p and OsteoMeasure Histomorphometry System (Osteometrics, Atlanta, GA, USA) (n ¼ 8/group). (44) The ratio of osteoblast surface to total bone surface (ObS/BS), the ratio of eroded surface to total bone surface (ES/BS), and the osteoclast number (per bone surface: N. Oc/BS, and per eroded surface: N.Oc/ES) were determined. The marrow circulation below the growth plate within the proximal one-third of the femur was assessed to quantify blood vessel density, edema area, and adipocyte area.…”

Section: Microangiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blockage of Src by Specific siRNA as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy to Prevent Destructive Repair in Steroid-Associated Osteonecrosis in Rabbits

Cao

Chen

et al. 2015

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Vascular hyperpermeability and highly upregulated bone resorption in the destructive repair progress of steroid-associated osteonecrosis (SAON) are associated with a high expression of VEGF and high Src activity (Src is encoded by the cellular sarcoma [c-src] gene). This study was designed to prove our hypothesis that blocking the VEGF-Src signaling pathway by specific Src siRNA is able to prevent destructive repair in a SAON rabbit model. Destructive repair in SAON was induced in rabbits. At 2, 4, and 6 weeks after SAON induction, VEGF, anti-VEGF, Src siRNA, Src siRNAþVEGF, control siRNA, and saline were introduced via intramedullary injection into proximal femora for each group, respectively. Vascularization and permeability were quantified by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI. At week 6 after SAON induction, proximal femurs were dissected for micro-computed tomography (mCT)-based trabecular architecture with finite element analysis (FEA), mCT-based angiography, and histological analysis. Histological evaluation revealed that VEGF enhanced destructive repair, whereas anti-VEGF prevented destructive repair and Src siRNA and Src siRNAþVEGF prevented destructive repair and enhanced reparative osteogenesis. Findings of angiography and histomorphometry were consistent with those determined by DCE MRI. Src siRNA inhibited VEGF-mediated vascular hyperpermeability but preserved VEGF-induced neovascularization. Bone resorption was enhanced in the VEGF group and inhibited in the anti-VEGF, Src siRNA, Src siRNAþVEGF groups as determined by both 3D mCT and 2D histomorphometry. FEA showed higher estimated failure load in the Src siRNA and Src siRNAþVEGF groups when compared to the vehicle control group. Blockage of VEGF-Src signaling pathway by specific Src siRNA was able to prevent steroid-associated destructive repair while improving reconstructive repair in SAON, which might become a novel therapeutic strategy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Microangiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockage of Src by Specific siRNA as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy to Prevent Destructive Repair in Steroid-Associated Osteonecrosis in Rabbits

Cao

Chen

et al. 2015

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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“…Bone histomorphometry was performed in a rectangular ROI (2.24 × 3.85 mm 2 ) at the center of the defect site. The mineralizing surface (MS) and mineral apposition rate (MAR) were measured using a KS400 image analyzing system, as previously described 15, 30. Local bone formation activity was defined as MS × MAR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptide drugs accelerate BMP‐2‐induced calvarial bone regeneration and stimulate osteoblast differentiation through mTORC1 signaling

et al. 2016

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Both W9 and OP3‐4 were known to bind the receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL), inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. Recently, both peptides were shown to stimulate osteoblast differentiation; however, the mechanism underlying the activity of these peptides remains to be clarified. A primary osteoblast culture showed that rapamycin, an mTORC1 inhibitor, which was recently demonstrated to be an important serine/threonine kinase for bone formation, inhibited the peptide‐induced alkaline phosphatase activity. Furthermore, both peptides promoted the phosphorylation of Akt and S6K1, an upstream molecule of mTORC1 and the effector molecule of mTORC1, respectively. In the in vivo calvarial defect model, W9 and OP3‐4 accelerated BMP‐2‐induced bone formation to a similar extent, which was confirmed by histomorphometric analyses using fluorescence images of undecalcified sections. Our data suggest that these RANKL‐binding peptides could stimulate the mTORC1 activity, which might play a role in the acceleration of BMP‐2‐induced bone regeneration by the RANKL‐binding peptides.

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Section: To the Editormentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Recently, two publications have examined issues in modern histomorphometry and have updated the ASBMR Histomorphometry Nomenclature Committee's recommendations on nomenclature, symbols, and units. (1,2) Here we draw attention to an issue originally described by Parfitt and colleagues (3) which has implications for the conclusions that might be drawn from dynamic assessment of bone formation.In most histomorphometry applications, the bone is labeled with a tetracycline that binds to the mineralizing surface of bone. This has become a standard method that allows calculation of the rate of bone formation in all four bone compartments (cancellous, endocortical, intracortical, and periosteal bone).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Double and quadruple tetracycline labeling of bone: Impact of the label itself

Lindsay

Zhou

Cosman

et al. 2012

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Quantitative histomorphometry of bone is a well-recognized technique with selected applications in clinical patient evaluation and in clinical research and drug development that allows assessment of the safety of drugs and their mechanism of action. Recently, two publications have examined issues in modern histomorphometry and have updated the ASBMR Histomorphometry Nomenclature Committee's recommendations on nomenclature, symbols, and units. (1,2) Here we draw attention to an issue originally described by Parfitt and colleagues (3) which has implications for the conclusions that might be drawn from dynamic assessment of bone formation.In most histomorphometry applications, the bone is labeled with a tetracycline that binds to the mineralizing surface of bone. This has become a standard method that allows calculation of the rate of bone formation in all four bone compartments (cancellous, endocortical, intracortical, and periosteal bone). In most clinical situations, two separate labels of the same form of tetracycline (usually tetracycline HCl, oxytetracycline, or demethylchlortetracycline) are administered, each separated from the other by a period of 12 or to 14 days, and the biopsy is performed about 1 week after completion of the second label. For some applications, a different label may be used for the second of the two labels; the difference in the color of the two labels under UV light allows unambiguous assignment of single labels to the first or second labeling period. Several years ago we described a quadruple-labeling technique (4) that allows short-term longitudinal data in a single biopsy with the first two tetracycline labels given in the usual format, but separated by several weeks from the second set of labels. In order to distinguish the first and second sets of labels under UV light, we used the same tetracycline for the first set of two labels and a different one for the second set. Using that technique, with demethylchlortetracycline as the first pair of labels and tetracycline HCl for the second set, we demonstrated the early effects of teriparatide on bone formation at the cellular level. With that sequence, we found that in cancellous bone of subjects on no osteoporosis medication, the second set of labels was almost always shorter than the first set, and consequently the proportion of the surface covered by label, the mineralized surface (MS/BS), calculated as double þ 50% of the singlelabeled surface, was less with the second set of labels (2.94 AE 1.13% demethylchlortetracycline versus 2.14 AE 0.83% tetracycline HCl), a difference that did not achieve statistical significance (n ¼ 9). A similar trend was seen at the endocortical junction. Given the crescent-shaped anatomy of many cancellous bone packets, we might have expected that, if anything, the second set of labels should be longer, even in untreated control subjects. The effects of teriparatide were clearly evident, with a marked increase in MS/BS (that exceeded by several-fold any expected differences in label length due to the ...

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Standardized nomenclature, symbols, and units for bone histomorphometry: A 2012 update of the report of the ASBMR Histomorphometry Nomenclature Committee

Cited by 2,195 publications

References 68 publications

Blockage of Src by Specific siRNA as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy to Prevent Destructive Repair in Steroid-Associated Osteonecrosis in Rabbits

Blockage of Src by Specific siRNA as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy to Prevent Destructive Repair in Steroid-Associated Osteonecrosis in Rabbits

Peptide drugs accelerate BMP‐2‐induced calvarial bone regeneration and stimulate osteoblast differentiation through mTORC1 signaling

Double and quadruple tetracycline labeling of bone: Impact of the label itself

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