Standardizing optic nerve crushes with an aneurysm clip

Feng, Donghan; Chen, Er-Tao; Li, Xueyuan; Liu, Yong; Wang, Yan

doi:10.1179/016164110x12556180206158

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In experimental animal studies, ON crush provides a reliable method for studying quantitative anatomical effects on novel neuroprotection or neurodegeneration after insults [23,27,28,29,30]. Our results demonstrate that a complete block of axoplasmal flow was caused by the jewel forceps for 15 s. The jewel forceps has been used in other experiments of ON crush [21,22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…With crush duration shorter than 30 s with a microvascular clip, the FG flow was well preserved. Other reports also demonstrated that various pressures exerted by a clip and different crush durations could result in a different optic nerve damage [18,23,31]. In sum, our results indicate that different instruments to induce crush injuries with variable durations may influence the efficiency of retrograde labeling.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

“…The extent of RGC degeneration after ON crush is related to the force exerted by instruments and the applied duration [19]. Using constant force-exerting instruments is frequently chosen to get convincing results [23,24,25,26]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Influencing the Retrograde Labeling of Retinal Ganglion Cells with Fluorogold in an Animal Optic Nerve Crush Model

Huang

Huang²,

Chang³

et al. 2014

Ophthalmic Res

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Purpose: To investigate whether different crush durations or a different fluorogold (FG) injection timing can affect the efficiency of FG retrograde labeling of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the optic nerve (ON) crush model. Methods: We performed the ON crush in rats with a clip at different durations or a jewel forceps to compare the effects of different crush methods with FG staining. RGC density was compared between the FG injection 1 week before the sacrifice of the animals (group A) and the injection before the crush experiment (group B). Double staining with CD11b and FG in the retinal sections was conducted to investigate the relationship between the overcounting of RGCs and microglia. Results: The FG-stained particles were significantly decreased at the distal part of the crush site compared to the proximal site of the ON with a crush duration of over 30 s or when crushed with the jewel forceps. Two weeks after ON crush, the RGC count was higher both in the central and mid-peripheral retinas in group B. The percentage of CD11b-stained cells among the FG-stained cells in the RGC layer of retinas in group B was higher than that of group A (34% in group B vs. 4% in group A, p = 0.0001). Overcounting of RGC density in group B was due to additional microglia with FG engulfing. Conclusions: Our results suggest that each laboratory should test its setting conditions to avoid factors influencing the RGC density measurement before conducting ON crush experiments. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

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Factors Influencing the Retrograde Labeling of Retinal Ganglion Cells with Fluorogold in an Animal Optic Nerve Crush Model

Huang

Huang²,

Chang³

et al. 2014

Ophthalmic Res

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“…The optic nerve crush was performed as described previously (Feng et al, 2010). In brief, a lateral canthotomy was made in the superior orbital rim, and an incision of the conjunctiva was performed lateral to the cornea.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rac1 Guides Porf-2 to Wnt Pathway to Mediate Neural Stem Cell Proliferation

Yang

Huang

et al. 2017

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the anti-proliferative effects of preoptic regulator factor 2 (Porf-2) on neural stem cells (NSCs) remain largely unknown. Here, we found that Porf-2 inhibits the activity of ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) protein in hippocampus-derived rat NSCs. Reduced Rac1 activity impaired the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, ultimately causing a repression of NSCs proliferation. Porf-2 knockdown enhanced NSCs proliferation but not in the presence of small molecule inhibitors of Rac1 or Wnt. At the same time, the repression of NSCs proliferation caused by Porf-2 overexpression was counteracted by small molecule activators of Rac1 or Wnt. By using a rat optic nerve crush model, we observed that Porf-2 knockdown enhanced the recovery of visual function. In particular, optic nerve injury in rats led to increased Wnt family member 3a (Wnt3a) protein expression, which we found responsible for enhancing Porf-2 knockdown-induced NSCs proliferation. These findings suggest that Porf-2 exerts its inhibitory effect on NSCs proliferation via Rac1-Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Porf-2 may therefore represent and interesting target for optic nerve injury recovery and therapy.

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“…Degeneration occurs in a swelling in the affected nerve fibers as a result of compression of nerve tissue. In 2010 Feng Dong-Fu [5] suggested to damage the optic nerve by compressing it with aneurisms clips and showed retrograde death of retinal ganglion cells. Thus, the morphological manifestations of lesions of the proximal and distal parts of the ipsilateral and opposite side of visual pathway are still not fully understood and therefore require clarification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure Features of Damage to the Cranial Part of the Optic Nerve at Traumatic Short-Time Compression of its Orbital Unit in the Experiment

M¹

2016

AOVS

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The role of compression factors on the formation of secondary degenerative factors and anti-and retrograde parts of the optic nerve in traumatic injuries has not been fully studied.Purpose: Was to clarify ultrastructure features of the optic nerve cranial part damage at traumatic short-time compression of its orbital part in the experiment. Methods:The simulation of traumatic injury of the optic nerve was performed on 11 rabbits weighing 3.5-4.0 kg. The control group included 12 healthy rabbits. Morphometric examination of the cranial part of the optic nerve in both eyes of injured (on the 14-th day after injury) and control animals were used.Results: Periaxonal degeneration of the optic nerve cranial part was researched. Degeneration was manifested by violation of axon's flow of axial cylinders that arose as a result of the myelin sheath swelling. Conclusion:Thus, structural changes of the cranial part of the optic nerve were confirmed with light-ultrastructure studies and morphometric data. These changes come up with the damage of nerve hemodynamic and may serve as a basis for further studies of the pathogenesis and development of strategy of traumatic optic neuropathy treatment in the experiment.

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Standardizing optic nerve crushes with an aneurysm clip

Abstract: The present findings suggest that Yasargil aneurysm clip effectively produces permanent injury to the optic nerve with evidence from retrograde tracing of RGCs and may provide a standard technique for optic nerve crush studies.

Cited by 19 publications

References 26 publications

Factors Influencing the Retrograde Labeling of Retinal Ganglion Cells with Fluorogold in an Animal Optic Nerve Crush Model

Factors Influencing the Retrograde Labeling of Retinal Ganglion Cells with Fluorogold in an Animal Optic Nerve Crush Model

Rac1 Guides Porf-2 to Wnt Pathway to Mediate Neural Stem Cell Proliferation

Ultrastructure Features of Damage to the Cranial Part of the Optic Nerve at Traumatic Short-Time Compression of its Orbital Unit in the Experiment

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