Standards for dielectric elastomer transducers

Carpi, Federico; Anderson, Iain A.; Bauer, Siegfried; Frediani, Gabriele; Gallone, Giuseppe; Gei, Massimiliano; Graaf, Christian; Jean‐Mistral, Claire; Kaal, William; Kofod, Guggi; Kollosche, Matthias; Kornbluh, Roy; Lassen, Benny; Matysek, Marc; Suéry, M.; Nowak, S.; O’Brien, Benjamin; Pei, Qibing; Pelrine, Ron; Rechenbach, Björn; Rosset, Samuel; Shea, Herbert

doi:10.1088/0964-1726/24/10/105025

Cited by 266 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In this work, off-the-shelf silicone elastomer was adopted (Parker Hannifin) (the membrane properties provided by the manufacturer include thickness 40 µm, elongation 240%, tensile strength 6 MPa and dielectric strength 80 V/µm, while a dielectric constant of 1.7 was measured using a standardised method [32]). The detailed experimental setup is described in the supplementary material.…”

Section: Analytical Model Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Optimization of a Conical Dielectric Elastomer Actuator

Cao

Conn

2018

Actuators

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Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are known as 'artificial muscles' due to their large actuation strain, high energy density and self-sensing capability. The conical configuration has been widely adopted in DEA applications such as bio-inspired locomotion and micropumps for its good compactness, ease for fabrication and large actuation stroke. However, the conical protrusion of the DEA membrane is characterized by inhomogeneous stresses, which complicate their design. In this work, we present an analytical model-based optimization for conical DEAs with the three biasing elements: (I) linear compression spring; (II) biasing mass; and (III) antagonistic double-cone DEA. The optimization is to find the maximum stroke and work output of a conical DEA by tuning its geometry (inner disk to outer frame radius ratio a/b) and pre-stretch ratio. The results show that (a) for all three cases, stroke and work output are maximum for a pre-stretch ratio of 1 × 1 for the Parker silicone elastomer, which suggests the stretch caused by out-of-plane deformation is sufficient for this specific elastomer. (b) Stroke maximization is obtained for a lower a/b ratio while a larger a/b ratio is required to maximize work output, but the optimal a/b ratio is less than 0.3 in all three cases. (c) The double-cone configuration has the largest stroke while single cone with a biasing mass has the highest work output.

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Section: Analytical Model Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Optimization of a Conical Dielectric Elastomer Actuator

Cao

Conn

2018

Actuators

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“…19 A step-wise increasing voltage was applied (50-100 V/step) at a rate of 0.5-1.0 step/s. Each sample was subjected to eight electrical breakdown measurements, and an average of the values was indicated as the electrical breakdown strength thereof.…”

Section: Self-healing High-permittivity Silicone Dielectric Elastomermentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Healing, High-Permittivity Silicone Dielectric Elastomer

2016

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Currently used dielectric elastomers do not have the ability to self-heal after detrimental events such as tearing or electrical breakdown, which are critical issues in relation to product reliability and lifetime. In this paper, we present a self-healing dielectric elastomer that additionally possesses high dielectric permittivity and consists of an interpenetrating polymer network of silicone elastomer and ionic silicone species that are cross-linked through proton exchange between amines and acids. The ionically cross-linked silicone provides self-healing properties after electrical breakdown or cuts made directly to the material due to the reassembly of the ionic bonds that are broken during damage. The dielectric elastomers presented in this paper pave the way to increased lifetimes and the ability of dielectric elastomers to survive millions of cycles in high-voltage conditions.

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“…This effect causes a decay of the elastic stiffness of a material under repeated loading-unloading, which depends on the maximum stretch previously experienced by the material. Recommendations regarding experimental characterisation of the effect can be found in [39].…”

Section: Energy Harvesting 48mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric Elastomers for Energy Harvesting

Thomson¹,

Yurchenko²,

Val

2018

Energy Harvesting

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Dielectric elastomers are a type of electroactive polymers that can be conveniently used as sensors, actuators or energy harvesters and the latter is the focus of this review. The relatively high number of publications devoted to dielectric elastomers in recent years is a direct reflection of their diversity, applicability as well as nontrivial electrical and mechanical properties. This chapter provides a review of fundamental mechanical and electrical properties of dielectric elastomers and up-to-date information regarding new developments of this technology and it's potential applications for energy harvesting from various vibration sources explored over the past decade.

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Standards for dielectric elastomer transducers

Cited by 266 publications

References 51 publications

Performance Optimization of a Conical Dielectric Elastomer Actuator

Performance Optimization of a Conical Dielectric Elastomer Actuator

Self-Healing, High-Permittivity Silicone Dielectric Elastomer

Dielectric Elastomers for Energy Harvesting

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