Standing wave integrated Fourier transform spectrometer for imaging spectrometry in the near infrared

Osowiecki, Gaël David; Madi, Mohammad; Shorubalko, Ivan; Philipoussis, I.; Alberti, E.; Scharf, Toralf; Herzig, Hans Peter

doi:10.1117/12.2188170

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…[106] Standing-wave integral FTSs have been in development for over 100 years. SWIFTSs have been implemented on many substrates, including silicon, [107] silicon nitride, [108] quartz, and polymers, [109] and have been tested in three spectral domains. [107,110,111] The fundamental physics underlying SWIFTSs dates back to the nineteenth century, as shown in Figure 8.…”

Section: On-chip Standing-wave Integral Ftssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on On‐Chip Fourier Transform Spectrometer

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2021

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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A Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) is recognized as a highly precise analytical instrument for analyzing the constituent elements of matter in the fields of physics, chemistry, aerospace, and so on. With the emergence and development of miniaturized and portable devices in numerous scientific and technological fields, there has been an urgent need for on-chip FTSs due to their benefits of small size, portability, low energy consumption, and robustness. However, the small size of on-chip FTSs hinders the acquisition of a large optical path difference, resulting in a low resolution of the spectrometer. In addition, the sampler spacing is not sufficiently small to satisfy Nyquist's sampling theorem, directly influencing the bandwidth of the spectrometer. Therefore, studies have been performed to investigate the trade-off between the reduced size and performance of spectrometers. This paper aims to systematically review the progress in on-chip FTSs, especially in on-chip static FTSs, including spatially modulated, temporally modulated, and space-time comodulated FTSs, from the aspects of theories, implementations, and performance indicators. Finally, the paper ends with a discussion of the challenges and a view of the prospective development of this exciting field.

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Section: On-chip Standing-wave Integral Ftssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on On‐Chip Fourier Transform Spectrometer

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2021

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…In order to investigate the feasibility of FPAS concept, in the frame of a Technology Research Programme (TRP) funded by the European Space Agency (ESA), we fabricated a linear array of waveguide spectrometers forming an acquisition line to image with lateral scanning. 8,9 In this standing wave integrated Fourier transform spectrometer, light is injected with microlenses into several optical polymer waveguides. In order to circumvent the sub-sampling limitation due to nano-sampler spacing and to expand the spectral bandwidth of the recollected spectrum, the basic principle of a static Lippmann spectrometer is combined with a dynamic Fourier-transform spectrometer, by adopting a piezo actuated movable mirror located at the waveguide end-facet, which introduces small optical path difference (OPD) changes.…”

Section: Fpas Development Based On Arrays Of Single-mode Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the analysis of the linear-array spectrometer performance, we used a sample similar to that of figure 2 in Osowiecki et al 8 The sample contains single-mode waveguides in a line with a spacing of 250 μm due to microlens diameter. The signal cross-talk between the neighbouring waveguides in the array has been experimentally proved to be very low, thereby negligible.…”

Section: Monochromatic Spectrum Measurements: Calibration and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Focal Plane Array Spectrometer FPAS: preliminary development results and recommendations

Madi¹,

Osowiecki²,

Alberti³

et al. 2021

International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2020

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The focal plane array spectrometer (FPAS) is a miniaturization concept for imaging spectrometers compared to classical dispersive and FTS instruments. FPAS is an imaging implementation of interferogram integrated FTS, targeting space-borne and commercial applications. It is based on a bi-dimensional array of waveguide spectrometers which can be assembled in small size, and form a compact package of single spectrometers. When this system is positioned in the focal plane of an objective (in a similar way as a CMOS detector array or a CCD in a camera), it will allow imaging spectrometry of the observed surface (objects). The instrument is therefore reduced to the imaging optics and the FPAS in the focal plane, which takes over the role of spectrometer and detector array. This is a breakthrough concept enabling imaging spectroscopy in a reduced volume with low power consumption. This article describes the preliminary development results of a FPAS based on arrays of single-mode waveguides. The developed linear array forms an acquisition line to image with lateral scanning. The light is injected with micro-lenses into several optical polymer waveguides. In order to circumvent the sub-sampling limitation due to nano-sampler spacing and to expand the spectral bandwidth, the basic principle of a static Lippmann spectrometer is combined with a dynamic Fourier-transform spectrometer, by adopting a piezo actuated movable mirror located at the waveguide end-facet. This waveguide spectrometer is designed for a nominal bandwidth of 25 nm at central wavelength of 762.5 nm and a spectral resolution of about 0.06 nm. The throughput and SNR in this preliminary linear array prototype are analysed and design limitations are discussed. The authors then introduce a new method for the realization of FPAS aiming at enhancing throughput and bandwidth of the integrated device. This new concept uses a bundle of single-mode waveguides, instead of only one, at the focal distance of the optical element. The novel FPAS concept is elaborated and its characteristics are described.

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“…In an activity funded by ESA Technology Research Programme (TRP), in order to circumvent the sub-sampling limitation due to nano-sampler spacing and to expand the spectral bandwidth of the recollected spectrum, the basic principle of a static Lippmann spectrometer is combined with a dynamic Fourier-transform spectrometer, by adopting a movable mirror, which introduces small OPD changes [26]. In France, researchers at Joseph Fourier University have recently explored the idea of introducing an external Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator prior to the waveguide spectrometer (e.g.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SWIFTS) with an initial imbalance between the arms for scanning the interferogram fringes under the nano-samplers in a dynamic manner by applying a voltage (~100 V) [27]. It is clear that the use of a movable mirror [26] or an external optical signal conditioning element [27] (e.g. Mach-Zehnder modulator) increases the size and complexity of the waveguide spectrometer and these techniques are spiritually against the miniaturization concept.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lippmann waveguide spectrometer with enhanced throughput and bandwidth for space and commercial applications

Madi¹,

Ceyssens²,

Shorubalko³

et al. 2018

Opt. Express

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This article presents an innovative high spectral resolution waveguide spectrometer, from the concept to the prototype demonstration and the test results. The main goal is to build the smallest possible Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) with state of the art technology. This waveguide FTS takes advantage of a customized pattern of nano-samplers fabricated on the surface of a planar waveguide that allows the increase of the measurement points necessary for increasing the spectral bandwidth of the FTS in a fully static way. The use of a planar waveguide on the other hand allows enhancing the throughput in a waveguide spectrometer compared to the conventional devices made of single-mode waveguides. A prototype is made in silicon oxynitride/silicon dioxide technology and characterized in the visible range. This waveguide spectrometer shows a nominal bandwidth of 256~nm at a central wavelength of 633~nm thanks to a custom pattern of nanodisks providing a μm sampling interval. The implementation of this innovative waveguide FTS for a real-case scenario is explored and further development of such device for the imaging FTS application is discussed.

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Standing wave integrated Fourier transform spectrometer for imaging spectrometry in the near infrared

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Research Progress on On‐Chip Fourier Transform Spectrometer

Research Progress on On‐Chip Fourier Transform Spectrometer

Focal Plane Array Spectrometer FPAS: preliminary development results and recommendations

Lippmann waveguide spectrometer with enhanced throughput and bandwidth for space and commercial applications

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