Stanislav Klikovich (1853–1910)

Richards, W; Parbrook, G.D.; Wilson, J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1976.tb11906.x

Cited by 236 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It was firstly used as a labour analgesic by Stanislav Klikovich in Poland in 1881. Klikovich published the results of his study wherein he utilized 80% N 2 O with 20% oxygen in 25 labouring women, and demonstrated pain relief with no adverse foetal outcomes [18]. When comparing inhalation analgesia with placebo or no treatment, nitrous oxide was found to offer more pain relief [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Methods of Labour Pain Relief—Establishment of Effectiveness and Comparison

Czech

Fuchs

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain relief methods and to compare them. Materials and methods: 258 women were included in the study and interviewed using a questionnaire and the visual analogue scale for pain. They were divided into six groups depending on chosen method of labour pain relief: epidural anaesthesia (EA; n = 42), water immersion and water birth (WB; n = 40), nitrous oxide gas for pain control (G; n = 40), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) (n = 50), multiple management (MM; n = 42), none (N; n = 44). Results: The average age of the women was 29.4 ± 3.74 years and 60.47% of them were nulliparous (n = 156). Mean values of labour pain intensity were 6.81 ± 2.26 during the first stage of labour; 7.86 ± 2.06 during the second stage, and 3.22 ± 2.46 during the third stage. There was no significant difference in pain level between epidural analgesia and gas groups in the first stage of labour (p = 0.74). Nevertheless, epidural analgesia reduced pain level during the second and third stage (both p < 0.01). The highest satisfaction level pertains to water immersion (n = 38; 95%). Conclusion: Epidural analgesia is the gold standard of labour pain relief, however water birth was found to be associated with the highest satisfaction level of the parturient women. The contentment of childbirth depends not only on the level of experienced pain, but also on the care provided to the parturient during pregnancy and labour.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Methods of Labour Pain Relief—Establishment of Effectiveness and Comparison

Czech

Fuchs

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…For his MD thesis, he researched the potential medical applications of N 2 O mixed with sufficient oxygen to avoid hypoxia, unconsciousness or anaesthesia. He received his MD in 1881 [10]. Much of his thesis was later published as a book describing the use of N 2 O plus oxygen for assisting with angina pectoris, asthma as well as for obstetrics.…”

Section: Research In the 18th And 19th Centuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…His important contribution apart from its use in obstetrics was to introduce the use of gas mixtures containing enough oxygen to avoid hypoxia and anaesthesia. Nonetheless, apart from obstetrics, his other discoveries with non-anaesthetic mixture were not followed up to any notable extent [10].…”

Section: Research In the 18th And 19th Centuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini-Review: A Brief History of Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Use in Neuropsychiatry

Gillman

2019

CDRR

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Background: Joseph Priestley’s discovery of nitrous oxide (N2O) was recorded in 1772. In the late 1790’s, Humphry Davy experimented with the psychotropic properties of N2O, describing his observations in a book, published in 1800. A dentist, Horace Wells discovered anaesthesia with N2O in 1844. Over a century after Davy, its potential usefulness in psychiatry was first recognised. The seminal researches in neuropsychiatry, between 1920 and 1950, mainly used anaesthetic concentrations of the gas. The psychotropic actions of N2O, at non-anaesthetic doses, were first used by dentists, mainly for its anxiolytic action. In modern dentistry, N2O is always mixed with at least 30% oxygen and titrated to doses rarely exceeding 40% of N2O. At these lower concentrations, untoward effects are almost always avoided, including over-sedation and/or anaesthesia. In the early 1980’s, the low-dose dental titration technique was first used to investigate and treat psychiatric conditions, including substance abuse. Until then, most physicians regarded the gas only as an anaesthetic agent. An exception was obstetricians who used a fixed 50% concentration of N2O diluted with oxygen for analgesia during parturition. In 1994, to clearly distinguish between anaesthetic and non-anaesthetic concentrations (as used in dentistry), the term Psychotropic Analgesic Nitrous oxide (PAN) was introduced. Objective: This paper will give a brief history of the use of the N2O in psychiatry since the psychotropic actions were first recognised in the 18th century until the present. Conclusion: The role of other non- opioid systems, and the extent to which they contribute to the psychotropic properties of N2O, still remains to be established.

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“…Anaesthetics exhibit differing abilities to depress respiration, produce hypotension, excitation and analgesia. Nitrous oxide and ketamine for example are capable of producing analgesia at concentrations inadequate to produce a loss of consciousness (Bovill, Clarke, Dundee, Pandit & Moore, 1971;Richards, Parbrook & Wilson, 1976), while barbiturate and steroid anaesthetics can lower the pain threshold (Morgan, Whitwain & Page, 1973). Balmer & Wyte (1977) have shown that physostigmine reverses anaesthesia but not analgesia induced by ketamine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opiate‐like Analgesic Activity in General Anaesthetics

Lawrence¹,

Livingston²

1981

British J Pharmacology

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1 The interaction of naloxone with various anaesthetics was studied both in vivo and in vitro.2 Naloxone (10mg/kg) did not significantly alter the anaesthetic duration of halothane, diethylether, ketamine, pentobarbitone or Althesin.3 Naloxone (10 mg/kg) reduced the analgesic activity of nitrous oxide, ketamine and morphine in the rat tail-flick test. With the exception of pentobarbitone and Althesin, the other anaesthetic agents also induced analgesia but were not antagonized by naloxone. (IC50 = 40 nM). 6 On the stimulated guinea-pig ileum, Met-enkephalin and morphine inhibited the contractions, the IC50 values were 30 nm and 50 nm respectively. The anaesthetics ketamine (IC50 = 10 FM) and Althesin (IC50=8,UM) were active. Xylazine (IC50=12nM) exhibited considerable potency in inhibiting the contractions on this preparation. Naloxone 0.5 p.M produced a 1000 fold shift in the opiate dose-response curve but the anaesthetic responses showed only slight sensitivity to antagonism by naloxone. 7 The activity of Althesin was found to be due to the vehicle in which this anaesthetic is solubilised.8 Whilst several anaesthetic agents showed analgesic activity, specific dihydromorphine binding displacement or guinea pig ileum inhibiting activity, these effects showed variable sensitivity to naloxone.

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Stanislav Klikovich (1853–1910)

Cited by 236 publications

References 4 publications

Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Methods of Labour Pain Relief—Establishment of Effectiveness and Comparison

Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Methods of Labour Pain Relief—Establishment of Effectiveness and Comparison

Mini-Review: A Brief History of Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Use in Neuropsychiatry

Opiate‐like Analgesic Activity in General Anaesthetics

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