Staphylococcus aureus: an underestimated factor
in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis?

Blicharz, Leszek; Rudnicka, Lidia; Samochocki, Zbigniew

doi:10.5114/ada.2019.82821

Cited by 62 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The choice of the method was related to the properties of the compounds. It is worth noting each method was performed to avoid the presence of counter-ions, such as Cl Regarding Method I, the water-soluble zinc(II) complexes containing L-Glu, Gly, L-His, and L-Pro amino acids (1-4), were synthesized according to a general procedure described to obtain a Zn(II) complex with methionine [25]. The method is based on the addition of an aqueous solution of an appropriate amino acid (AA) to an aqueous suspension of zinc hydroxide at a molar ratio of 2:1.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Zn(ii) Complexes 1-6mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial strains selected for the present studies are microorganisms that cause various disorders from urinary, respiratory, and heart diseases to skin and wound infections. Staphylococcus aureus is a component of human natural microflora, but under certain conditions it can colonize skin and soft tissues, causing infection and contributing to atopic dermatitis or hand eczema [25,26]. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pyogenes are often isolated from wounds and skin lesions [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zinc(II) Complexes with Amino Acids for Potential Use in Dermatology: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Antibacterial Activity

et al. 2020

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The multifunctional profile of Zn2+ has influenced its great popularity in various pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic products. Despite the use of different inorganic and organic zinc derivatives, the search for new zinc-containing compounds with a safer skin profile still remains an open issue. The present paper describes the synthesis, structural characterization, and antibacterial activity of zinc(II) complexes with proteinogenic amino acids as potential candidates for dermatological treatments. The obtained complexes are of the general formula [Zn(AA)2], where AA represents an amino acid (L-Glu, Gly, L-His, L-Pro, L-Met, and L-Trp). Their synthesis was designed in such a way that the final bis(aminoacidate) zinc(II) complexes did not contain any counter-ions such as Cl−, NO3−, or SO42− that can cause some skin irritations. The chemical structure and composition of the compounds were identified by 1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis, and four were also characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Hirshfeld surface analysis for the Zn2+ metallic center helped to determine its coordination number and geometry for each complex. Finally, the antibacterial properties of the complexes were determined with respect to three Gram-positive strains, viz. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, and Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615, and two Gram-negative bacteria, viz. Escherichia coli ATCC 25992 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and were compared with the activity of zinc 2-pirrolidone 5-carboxylate (ZnPCA), commonly applied in dermatology. It was found that the Zn(II) complexes with methionine and glycine exhibited a higher antibacterial activity than the tested standard, and the antimicrobial properties of complex with Trp were satisfactory. The results of the antimicrobial activity examination allow us to postulate that the obtained zinc complexes might become new active substances for use in dermatological products.

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Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Zn(ii) Complexes 1-6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc(II) Complexes with Amino Acids for Potential Use in Dermatology: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Antibacterial Activity

et al. 2020

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“…Class III includes thermolabile bacteriocins of molecular weight above 30 kDa. The majority of bacteriocin from S. epidermidis strains are thermostable class I lantibiotics [2,6,21,22]. It has been reported that the production of type I, II thermostable bacteriocins and phenol-soluble modulins (PSMδ; MW 3kDa) by S. epidermidis can selectively kill bacterial pathogens such as S. aureus [23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite its complexity, pathogenesis of AD is quite obviously associated with the skin microbiome. Recently, the correlation of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with AD during active disease exacerbation has been well documented [2][3][4][5]. AD is a long-standing inflammatory skin disease typified by epidermal barrier dysfunction that can affect the bacterial community of the skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Cytoplasmic Bacteriocin Compounds Derived from Staphylococcus epidermidis Selectively Kill Staphylococcus aureus, Including Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

et al. 2020

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Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the well-known agents causing atopic dermatitis (AD) in susceptible individuals, and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) produces class I thermostable bacteriocins that can selectively kill S. aureus, suggesting protective roles against AD. There is a large need for developing precise therapies only to target S. aureus and not to harm the beneficial microbiome. On the agar well diffusion assay, live planktonic S. epidermidis showed clear zones of inhibition of S. aureus growth, but heat-killed cells and cell-free supernatants did not show this. These results would lead us to hypothesize that cytoplasmic bacteriocin from S. epidermidis will be a promising agent to inhibit S. aureus growth. Therefore, we have extracted a novel thermolabile cytoplasmic bacteriocin from S. epidermidis using trichloroactic acid (TCA)/acetone precipitation method after cell lysis with a SDS-containing buffer. These bacteriocin selectively exhibited antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), presenting no active actions against S. epidermidis, E. coli, and Salmonella Typhimurium. The extracted cytoplasmic bacteriocin compounds revealed several diffuse bands of approximately 40–70 kDa by SDS-PAGE. These findings suggest that these cytoplasmic bacteriocin compounds would be a great potential means for S. aureus growth inhibition and topical AD treatment.

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“…Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium that can be found in the upper respiratory tract and on the skin [8]. S. aureus can secrete hemolysins to cause cell death [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elaboration of Simplest Folding Structures in 2-Dimensional Lattice with Delta-Hemolysin and Its Variants in HP Model

Yan¹,

Wu²

2019

JBiSE

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Although the advanced 3-dimensional structure measurements provide more and more detailed structures in Protein Data Bank, the simplest 2-dimensional lattice model still looks meaningful because 2-dimensional structures play a complementary role with respect to 3-dimensional structures. In this study, the folding structures of delta-hemolysin and its six variants were studied at 2-dimensional lattice, and their amino acid contacts in folding structures were considered according to HP model with the aid of normalized amino acid hydrophobicity index. The results showed that: 1) either delta-hemolysin or each of its variants could find any of its folding structure in one eighth of 1,129,718,145,924 folding structures because of symmetry, which reduces the time required for folding, 2) the impact of pH on folding structures is varying and associated directly with the amino acid sequence itself, 3) the changes in folding structures of variants appeared different case by case, and 4) the assigning of hydrophobicity index to each amino acid was a way to distinguish folding structures at the same native state. This study can help to understand the structure of delta-hemolysin, and such an analysis can shed lights on NP-problem listed in millennium prize because the HP folding in lattice belongs to a sub-problem of NP-problem.

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Staphylococcus aureus: an underestimated factor in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis?

Cited by 62 publications

References 96 publications

Zinc(II) Complexes with Amino Acids for Potential Use in Dermatology: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Antibacterial Activity

Zinc(II) Complexes with Amino Acids for Potential Use in Dermatology: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Antibacterial Activity

Novel Cytoplasmic Bacteriocin Compounds Derived from Staphylococcus epidermidis Selectively Kill Staphylococcus aureus, Including Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Elaboration of Simplest Folding Structures in 2-Dimensional Lattice with Delta-Hemolysin and Its Variants in HP Model

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