Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation on different gentamicin-loaded polymethylmethacrylate bone cements

Belt, Hilbrand van de; Neut, Daniëlle; Schenk, Willem; Horn, J.R. van; Mei, Henny C. van der; Busscher, Henk J.

doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(00)00313-6

Cited by 149 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Although the duration of sonication is variable between different institutions, sonication times between 1 minute and 30 minutes are commonly used [8,14,17]. In our previous study [4], the most bacteria adherent to stainless steel plates were recovered at 1 minute of sonication, whereas prolonged sonication was inferior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Second, we evaluated only one strain of one bacterial species (Staphylococcus aureus) on one material (PMMA) at one incubation duration (15 hours). van de Belt et al [17,18] reported on biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus on six different bone cements loaded with or without gentamicin and suggested biofilm formation on bone cements may be dependent on properties of the cement surface such as its roughness and porosity. Compared with our in vitro results, bone cements retrieved from clinical patients under various circumstances, including different kinds of cements, different bacteria, different durations of infections, and variability in antibiotic load and antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria, may bring different consequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the first operation, the infected material is removed and an antibiotic-containing spacer composed of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is placed. Bacteria adhere to bone cement and form biofilms in vitro [9,17], even when the cement contains antibiotics. Therefore, it is important to detect biofilm-formative bacteria associated with bone cement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Improved Detection of Biofilm-formative Bacteria by Vortexing and Sonication: A Pilot Study

Kobayashi

Oethinger

Tuohy

et al. 2009

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

110

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Bacteria such as staphylococci commonly encountered in orthopaedic infections form biofilms and adhere to bone implants and cements. Various methods to disrupt the biofilm and enhance bacterial detection have been reported. We will describe the effectiveness of vortexing and sonication to improve the detection of biofilmformative bacteria from polymethylmethacrylate by conventional quantitative bacterial culture and real-time quantitative PCR. We used a single biofilm-formative Staphylococcus aureus strain and 20 polymethylmethacrylate coupons as an in vitro biofilm model; four coupons were used for each of two control groups or three experimental sonication times (1, 5, and 30 minutes). Vortexing the cement without sonication increased the yield of adherent bacteria to a considerable extent. The combination of vortexing and sonication further enhanced the yield regardless of the duration of sonication. Quantitative conventional cultures correlated with quantitative PCR assay. The combination of vortexing and sonication to disrupt the bacterial biofilm followed by quantitative PCR and/or culture seems to be a sensitive method for detecting bacteria adherent to bone cement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Improved Detection of Biofilm-formative Bacteria by Vortexing and Sonication: A Pilot Study

Kobayashi

Oethinger

Tuohy

et al. 2009

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to the risk of mechanical failure during weight bearing, antibiotic-eluting PMMA BCs showed bacterial adhesion [50] even during antimicrobial elution [51]. On the other hand, radiation sterilized VPE significantly reduced bacterial adherence through surface-bonded vancomycin (Figure 3g and 3h).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fully functional drug-eluting joint implant

et al. 2017

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Despite advances in orthopedic materials, the development of drug-eluting bone and joint implants that can sustain the delivery of the drug and maintain the necessary mechanical strength in order to withstand loading has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that modifying the eccentricity of drug clusters and the percolation threshold in ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) results in maximized drug elution and in the retention of mechanical strength. The optimized UHMWPE eluted antibiotic at a higher concentration for longer than the clinical gold standard antibiotic-eluting bone cement while retaining the mechanical and wear properties of clinically used UHMWPE joint prostheses. Treatment of lapine knees infected with Staphylococcus aureus with the antibiotic-eluting UHMWPE led to complete bacterial eradication and to the absence of detectable systemic effects. We argue that the antibiotic-eluting UHMWPE joint implant is a promising candidate for clinical trials.

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“…isolates was reported on gentamicin-loaded cement beads 7 and a nonclinical S. aureus isolate has also been shown to form biofilms on a number of different gentamicinloaded bone cements despite gentamicin release. 8 Concerns have also been expressed with regard to the use of cephalosporins for perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis following the isolation of S. epidermidis resistant to the cephalosporin, cefamandole, from the normal skin microbiota of patients undergoing knee replacement surgery. 9 In this study we investigated the efficacy of gentamicin-loaded bone cement at preventing bacterial adherence and biofilm formation by clinical Staphylococcus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm formation by bacteria isolated from retrieved failed prosthetic hip implants in an in vitro model of hip arthroplasty antibiotic prophylaxis

Tunney

Dunne

Einarsson

et al. 2006

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Bacterial infection primarily with Staphylococcus spp. and Propionibacterium acnes remains a significant complication following total hip replacement. In this in vitro study, we investigated the efficacy of gentamicin loading of bone cement and pre-and postoperative administration of cefuroxime in the prevention of biofilm formation by clinical isolates. High and low initial inocula, representative of the number of bacteria that may be present at the operative site as a result of overt infection and skin contamination, respectively, were used. When a high initial inoculum was used, gentamicin loading of the cement did not prevent biofilm formation by the 10 Staphylococcus spp. and the 10 P. acnes isolates tested. Similarly, the use of cefuroxime in the fluid phase with gentamicin-loaded cement did not prevent biofilm formation by four Staphylococcus spp. and four P. acnes isolates tested. However, when a low bacterial inoculum was used, a combination of both gentamicin-loaded cement and cefuroxime prevented biofilm formation by these eight isolates. Our results indicate that this antibiotic combination may protect against infection after intraoperative challenge with bacteria present in low numbers as a result of contamination from the skin but would not protect against bacteria present in high numbers as a result of overt infection of an existing implant. ß

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Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation on different gentamicin-loaded polymethylmethacrylate bone cements

Cited by 149 publications

References 18 publications

Improved Detection of Biofilm-formative Bacteria by Vortexing and Sonication: A Pilot Study

Improved Detection of Biofilm-formative Bacteria by Vortexing and Sonication: A Pilot Study

A fully functional drug-eluting joint implant

Biofilm formation by bacteria isolated from retrieved failed prosthetic hip implants in an in vitro model of hip arthroplasty antibiotic prophylaxis

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