Staphylococcus aureus complex from animals and humans in three remote African regions

Schaumburg, Frieder; Pauly, Maude; Anoh, Etilé A.; Mossoun, Arsène; Wiersma, Lidewij; Schubert, Grit; Flammen, Arnaud; Alabi, Abraham; Muyembe‐Tamfum, Jean‐Jacques; Grobusch, Martin P.; Karhemere, Stomy; Akoua-Koffi, Chantal; Couacy‐Hymann, Emmanuel; Kremsner, Peter G.; Mellmann, Alexander; Becker, Karsten; Leendertz, Fabian H.; Peters, Georg

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2014.12.001

Cited by 69 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, Spa type t645, the second most frequent type in our collection (20.6%), also common in Western Europe and the Middle East (http://spaserver.ridom.de), was found to be the most frequent type isolated from SSI at Mulago National referral hospital [22], supporting the notion that there is a changing epidemiology reflected by community associated SCC mec genotypes being now more associated with hospital infections as observed elsewhere [23, 45]. However, it is noteworthy that some spa types of PVL+ S. aureus in the present study (t186, t729 and t355) have been previously identified in studies from Africa, and they all share the MLST type ST88 [46]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Molecular epidemiology of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-positive community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in pastoral communities of rural south western Uganda

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe emergence of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, including methicillin resistant (MRSA), is a global concern. Treatment of bacterial infections in Uganda’s health care settings is largely empirical, rarely accompanied by laboratory confirmation. Here we show the burden, characteristics of MRSA and epidemiology of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) positive strains in asymptomatic carriers in pastoral households of south-west Uganda.MethodsNasal swabs from 253 participants were cultured following standard methodology. MRSA strains were identified by detection of the mecA gene and SCCmec typing, and PVL genes detected by PCR. Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) was done to evaluate possible transmission patterns. Spa typing of PVL positive isolates was done to study the epidemiology of virulent strains in this setting.Results S. aureus was isolated in 29% (n = 73) of the participants, of which 48 were MRSA by mecA typing. PVL-encoding genes were found in 49.3% (n = 36) of the 73 isolates, of which 25 were also mecA positive. Among the PVL negative strains (n = 37), 62.2% (n = 23) carried the mecA gene. The most common SCCmec type was V, detected in 39 (18 PVL positive and 21 PVL negative) isolates. PFGE clustered 21/36 (58.3%) PVL positive isolates divided in four pulsotypes and 18/37 (48.6%) PVL negative isolates divided in eight pulsotypes. The most prevalent Spa types were t318 (26.5%, n = 9) and t645 (20.6%, n = 7); while other common Spa types were t11656 (n = 3), t127 (n = 3) and t355 (n = 3).ConclusionThe study shows a high prevalence of community acquired (CA)-MRSA, and PVL-positive isolates with two predominant spa types in rural Uganda, further complicating infection control strategies in these underprivileged communities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Molecular epidemiology of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-positive community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in pastoral communities of rural south western Uganda

et al. 2017

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“…It harbored the beta-lactamase operon as well as the IEC genes sea , sak and scn .CC6 has been recovered occasionally from humans including butchers [117] and it has been implicated in episodes of food-poisoning [118]. It was previously identified in camels from Dubai, where it carried a different sea allele [21], as well as in non-human primates and various domestic animals [4,119]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CC15 is a widespread and common human lineage [120,121]. It has occasionally been reported from companion animals [124], primates [119] and mice [36]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in European Wildlife

et al. 2016

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Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known colonizer and cause of infection among animals and it has been described from numerous domestic and wild animal species. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology of S. aureus in a convenience sample of European wildlife and to review what previously has been observed in the subject field. 124 S. aureus isolates were collected from wildlife in Germany, Austria and Sweden; they were characterized by DNA microarray hybridization and, for isolates with novel hybridization patterns, by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The isolates were assigned to 29 clonal complexes and singleton sequence types (CC1, CC5, CC6, CC7, CC8, CC9, CC12, CC15, CC22, CC25, CC30, CC49, CC59, CC88, CC97, CC130, CC133, CC398, ST425, CC599, CC692, CC707, ST890, CC1956, ST2425, CC2671, ST2691, CC2767 and ST2963), some of which (ST2425, ST2691, ST2963) were not described previously. Resistance rates in wildlife strains were rather low and mecA-MRSA isolates were rare (n = 6). mecC-MRSA (n = 8) were identified from a fox, a fallow deer, hares and hedgehogs. The common cattle-associated lineages CC479 and CC705 were not detected in wildlife in the present study while, in contrast, a third common cattle lineage, CC97, was found to be common among cervids. No Staphylococcus argenteus or Staphylococcus schweitzeri-like isolates were found. Systematic studies are required to monitor the possible transmission of human- and livestock-associated S. aureus/MRSA to wildlife and vice versa as well as the possible transmission, by unprotected contact to animals. The prevalence of S. aureus/MRSA in wildlife as well as its population structures in different wildlife host species warrants further investigation.

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“…While the progenitor molecule PRF-119 demonstrated activity against all clinical S. aureus isolates collected from multiple centers in a European country (3), the present study aimed at challenging the optimized bacteriophage endolysin HY-133 with isolates belonging to the S. aureus complex from sub-Sahara Africa, including the recently described species Staphylococcus schweitzeri (5,6). This species shows a peptidoglycan type which is distinct from that of S. aureus sensu stricto (5).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Recombinant Bacteriophage Endolysin HY-133 Exhibits In Vitro Activity against Different African Clonal Lineages of the Staphylococcus aureus Complex, Including Staphylococcus schweitzeri

Idelevich

Schaumburg

Knaack

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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d HY-133 is a recombinant bacteriophage endolysin with bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Here, HY-133 showed in vitro activity against major African methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant S. aureus lineages and ceftaroline/ceftobiprole-and borderline oxacillin-resistant isolates. HY-133 was also active against Staphylococcus schweitzeri, a recently described species of the S. aureus complex. The activity of HY-133 on the tested isolates (MIC 50 , 0.25 g/ml; MIC 90 , 0.5 g/ml; range, 0.125 to 0.5 g/ml) was independent of the species and strain background or antibiotic resistance. Bacteriophage endolysins are peptidoglycan hydrolases with strong species-specific bactericidal activity (1). Endolysins are considered a potential new class of antimicrobial agents which could be used both for decolonization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and invasive infections, as animal models have revealed (1). Indeed, there is a need for the development of new antimicrobial agents, in particular against S. aureus infections, as resistance rates are rising not only in industrialized countries but also in so-called developing regions, such as subSaharan Africa (2).Similar to its progenitor PRF-119 (3), HY-133 (owned by Hyglos GmbH, Bernried, Germany) is an optimized, recombinantly produced chimeric bacteriophage endolysin which has a pronounced bactericidal activity against S. aureus and an increased proteolytic stability due to a shortened linker peptide (4). These chimeric endolysins consist of an enzymatic active domain (EAD), a cysteine-and histidine-dependent aminopeptidase/hydrolase (CHAP) from the endolysin of phage K, and a cell wallbinding domain (CBD) from lysostaphin (3, 4).While the progenitor molecule PRF-119 demonstrated activity against all clinical S. aureus isolates collected from multiple centers in a European country (3), the present study aimed at challenging the optimized bacteriophage endolysin HY-133 with isolates belonging to the S. aureus complex from sub-Sahara Africa, including the recently described species Staphylococcus schweitzeri (5, 6). This species shows a peptidoglycan type which is distinct from that of S. aureus sensu stricto (5).Here, we tested the in vitro activity of HY-133 against a highly diverse collection of African S. aureus complex lineages (n ϭ 61). This collection consists of major African methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), as well as methicillin-, ceftaroline/ceftobiprole-, and borderline oxacillin-resistant S. aureus from humans (colonization and infection) and animals (colonization) ( Table 1). The most common African MSSA and MRSA included in this study represent lineages which have been found to be predominant in sub-Saharan Africa based on a recent review (7). We also included 25 isolates from different clonal lineages of S. schweitzeri. The multilocus sequence types (ST) of the isolates included in this study are given in Table 1. The activity of HY-133 was determined using the broth microdilution method in accordance wi...

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Staphylococcus aureus complex from animals and humans in three remote African regions

Cited by 69 publications

References 27 publications

Molecular epidemiology of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-positive community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in pastoral communities of rural south western Uganda

Molecular epidemiology of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-positive community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in pastoral communities of rural south western Uganda

Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in European Wildlife

The Recombinant Bacteriophage Endolysin HY-133 Exhibits In Vitro Activity against Different African Clonal Lineages of the Staphylococcus aureus Complex, Including Staphylococcus schweitzeri

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