Staphylococcus aureus Meningitis: A Review of 28 Consecutive Community-Acquired Cases

Lerche, Axel; Rasmussen, Niels; Wandall, J. H.; Bohr, Vilhelm A.

doi:10.3109/00365549509047069

Cited by 33 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A recent autopsy study illustrated that i.c. hemorrhages and a severe brain edema are also characteristic findings in fatal human Staphylococcus aureus meningitis (28), which underscores the pathogenetic relevance of these neurological complications.…”

Section: Cerebral Listeriosis Of Il-10mentioning

confidence: 83%

Endogenous Interleukin-10 Is Required for Prevention of a Hyperinflammatory Intracerebral Immune Response inListeria monocytogenesMeningoencephalitis

et al. 2001

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To analyze the role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in bacterial cerebral infections, we studied cerebral listeriosis in IL-10-deficient (IL-10 ؊/؊ ) and wild-type (WT) mice, the latter of which express high levels of IL-10 in both primary and secondary cerebral listeriosis. IL-10 ؊/؊ mice succumbed to primary as well as secondary listeriosis, whereas WT mice were significantly protected from secondary listeriosis by prior intraperitoneal immunization with Listeria monocytogenes. Meningoencephalitis developed in both strains; however, in IL-10 ؊/؊ mice the inflammation was more severe and associated with increased brain edema and multiple intracerebral hemorrhages. IL-10 ؊/؊ mice recruited significantly increased numbers of leukocytes, in particular granulocytes, to the brain, and the intracerebral cytokine (tumor necrosis factor, IL-1, IL-12, gamma interferon, and inducible nitric oxide synthase) and chemokine (crg2/IP-10, RANTES, MuMig, macrophage inflammatory protein 1␣ [MIP-1␣], and MIP-1␤) transcription was enhanced compared to that in WT mice. Despite this prominent hyperinflammation, the frequencies of intracerebral L. monocytogenes-specific CD8 ؉ T cells were reduced and the intracerebral bacterial load was not reduced in IL-10 ؊/؊ mice compared to WT mice. Following intraperitoneal infection, IL-10 ؊/؊ mice exhibited hepatic hyperinflammation without better bacterial clearance; however, in contrast to the mice with cerebral listeriosis, they did not succumb, illustrating that intrinsic factors of the target organ have a strong impact on the course and outcome of the infection.

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Section: Cerebral Listeriosis Of Il-10mentioning

confidence: 83%

Endogenous Interleukin-10 Is Required for Prevention of a Hyperinflammatory Intracerebral Immune Response inListeria monocytogenesMeningoencephalitis

et al. 2001

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“…Hematogenous S. aureus meningitis is usually community acquired (780,785) and, compared with postsurgical S. aureus meningitis, typically affects older individuals (mean age of 59 years versus 40 years; P ϭ 0.04) (787) with severe medical comorbidities such as diabetes or chronic kidney disease (780,787). The initial source of hematogenous S. aureus meningitis is generally IE, pneumonia, or SSTI (788). The mortality rate for hematogenous S. aureus meningitis is higher (43 to 50%) than that occurring postsurgically (14 to 25%) (780,787).…”

Section: Meningitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. It is a leading cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis as well as osteoarticular, skin and soft tissue, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections. This review comprehensively covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management of each of these clinical entities. The past 2 decades have witnessed two clear shifts in the epidemiology of S. aureus infections: first, a growing number of health care-associated infections, particularly seen in infective endocarditis and prosthetic device infections, and second, an epidemic of community-associated skin and soft tissue infections driven by strains with certain virulence factors and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. In reviewing the literature to support management strategies for these clinical manifestations, we also highlight the paucity of high-quality evidence for many key clinical questions.

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“…S. aureus meningitis may be acquired in the community setting, where it is associated with predisposing conditions such as endocarditis, immunocompromised state, and injection drug use (45,256). Concomitant infections have been found for most patients and consist of endocarditis, pneumonia, and osteomyelitis (45,109,164,190,237,256).…”

Section: Staphylococcus Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Bacterial Meningitis

2010

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SUMMARY The epidemiology of bacterial meningitis has changed as a result of the widespread use of conjugate vaccines and preventive antimicrobial treatment of pregnant women. Given the significant morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial meningitis, accurate information is necessary regarding the important etiological agents and populations at risk to ascertain public health measures and ensure appropriate management. In this review, we describe the changing epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in the United States and throughout the world by reviewing the global changes in etiological agents followed by specific microorganism data on the impact of the development and widespread use of conjugate vaccines. We provide recommendations for empirical antimicrobial and adjunctive treatments for clinical subgroups and review available laboratory methods in making the etiological diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Finally, we summarize risk factors, clinical features, and microbiological diagnostics for the specific bacteria causing this disease.

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Staphylococcus aureus Meningitis: A Review of 28 Consecutive Community-Acquired Cases

Cited by 33 publications

References 11 publications

Endogenous Interleukin-10 Is Required for Prevention of a Hyperinflammatory Intracerebral Immune Response inListeria monocytogenesMeningoencephalitis

Endogenous Interleukin-10 Is Required for Prevention of a Hyperinflammatory Intracerebral Immune Response inListeria monocytogenesMeningoencephalitis

Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Bacterial Meningitis

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