Starch-g-poly(benzyl methacrylate) copolymers

Worzakowska, Marta

doi:10.1007/s10973-016-5328-7

Cited by 28 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…organic copolymers [27][28][29][30][31][32] and various hydrogels [33][34][35][36][37][38][39]), but to our knowledge it is the first reported approach to pore size distribution estimation in swollen cross-linked polymers with the employment of thermogravimetric analysis combined with microscopic measurements. A standard procedure based on quasiisothermal programme of heating applied for desorption of liquid from porous solid and the Kelvin equation, along with a simple mathematic calculation, provides information concerning free spaces in the swollen material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swelling effects in cross-linked polymers by thermogravimetry

Sienkiewicz

Krasucka

Charmas

et al. 2017

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The present study focuses on the mechanism of swelling and evaluates interactions between solvents of different chemical characters (polar-ethanol, nonpolarn-heptane) and commercially available porous Amberlite polymers (XAD4, XAD16, XAD7HP) by temperatureprogrammed desorption (TPD). The first two polymers are the product of copolymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene. Despite having the same chemical composition, they differ in pore size and volume. The Amberlite XAD7HP is composed of an acrylic matrix and has lower pore volume and specific surface area than XAD16 and XAD4. All three resins have the ability to swell, though the per cent of polymeric network expansion during this process varies depending on the solvent used (e.g. in tetraethyl orthosilicate, XAD4 and XAD16 spherical particles increase in volume by 20-30%, while XAD7HP particles can expand by more than 120%). The TPD experiment was performed in dynamic linear and quasistatic heating mode. Based on thermogravimetric data, the desorption energy of selected liquids and pore size distribution in the swollen state were estimated. The obtained results are discussed in terms of both mathematical modelling and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption experiment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swelling effects in cross-linked polymers by thermogravimetry

Sienkiewicz

Krasucka

Charmas

et al. 2017

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…The swellability coefficients ( B ) of the graft copolymers using different polarity solvents such as water, ethanol, butanol, toluene, hexane, and CCl 4 were calculated based on below equation:

B = true(V_{1} - V_{0} true) / V_{0} \times 100 %

where V 1 is copolymer volume after swelling, V 0 is dried copolymer volume.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 mg) in aluminum pan was put away to equilibrate at a room temperature. Then, it was heated from 20 to 100 °C with the heating rate 10 K min −1 under inert atmosphere (argon, flow rate 20 mL min −1 ) …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percent of mass loss (%WL) of the copolymers was calculated according to Refs. :

% W L = (m_{1} - m_{2}) / m_{1} \times 100 %

where m 1 is initial, dried sample mass, m 2 is final sample mass.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The copolymers of carbohydrate polymers, e.g., starch, cellulose, dextran, carboxymethylcellulose, lignocellulose, alginate, chitosan, etc. and various structure vinyl monomers, e.g., styrene, methacrylates, acrylates can be synthesized . In addition, the graft copolymers of synthetic polymers such as (poly(chloroethyl vinyl ether)‐g‐polystyrene)comb‐b‐(poly(chloropyran ethoxy vinyl ether)‐g‐polyisoprene)comb, (meth)acrylate copolymer grafted with long fluorinated side chain, Nylon 6‐g‐poly(acrylic acid), polyethylene‐g‐poly(acrylic acid), polyaniline‐g‐(sulfonated polyurethane), poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidinone‐g‐styrene), etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Some Physico‐Chemical Properties of Novel Starch‐g‐poly(citronellyl acrylate) Copolymers

Worzakowska

2018

Starch Stärke

Self Cite

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Novel amphiphilic, more environmentally friendly starch graft copolymers obtained by applying the “grafting from” method are prepared. The graft copolymerization of various ratios of citronellyl acrylate monomer and potato starch at 80 °C in the presence of potassium persulfate (1 wt.%) as an initiator is performed. The maximum of the grafting percent (%G) is observed for potato starch to monomer ratio 1:1.25 where ca. 1.8 hydroxyl groups per glycoside unit are covalently bonded with hydrophobic polymer chains. The graft materials are characterized by the attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR), cross‐polarization magic angle spinning (13C CP/MAS NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The performed analyses affirm the structure of the graft materials and confirm the creation of non‐porous copolymers with brief, heterogeneous surface. The selected physico‐chemical properties of the obtained graft copolymers such as ability to gelation, moisture absorption, swelling in polar and non‐polar solvents, chemical resistance, thermal properties, and pyrolysis mechanism are evaluated and compared with the previously tested starch‐g‐poly(citronellyl methacrylate) copolymers.

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Starch‐g‐poly(phenyl acrylate) copolymers—synthesis, characterization, and physicochemical properties

Worzakowska

2017

Starch Stärke

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Synthesis, characterization, and physicochemical properties of some novel starch‐g‐poly(phenyl acrylate) copolymers are presented. The chemical modification of gelatinized potato starch by grafting with phenyl acrylate using K2S2O8 as a radical initiator and employing different reaction conditions was studied in detail. Depending on the reaction conditions, the grafting parameters were changed, achieving their maximum values (grafting percent G: 41.8%, grafting efficiency GE: 82.3%) at 80°C under a reaction time of 150 min and starch to monomer ratio of 1:2. Spectroscopic methods (FTIR and 13C CP/MAS NMR) confirmed the successful formation of copolymers under the radical reaction of primary and secondary OH groups of starch and carbon–carbon double bonds of phenyl acrylate monomer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated a non‐porous, rough, and heterogeneous structure of the copolymers. The blocking of some hydroxyl groups of starch by phenyl acrylate chains allowed more moisture resistant and more acid resistant copolymers to be compared, as compared to unmodified starch. Moreover, the copolymers were insoluble in polar and non‐polar solvents; however, they were able to undergo swelling. The range of swelling was dependent on the grafting parameters as well as the polarity of the solvents. According to DSC analysis, the copolymers exhibited a glass transition temperature of ca. 63–65°C and decomposed under two steps, which were directly connected with the degradation of starch and phenyl acrylate chains.

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Starch-g-poly(benzyl methacrylate) copolymers

Cited by 28 publications

References 44 publications

Swelling effects in cross-linked polymers by thermogravimetry

Swelling effects in cross-linked polymers by thermogravimetry

Synthesis and Some Physico‐Chemical Properties of Novel Starch‐g‐poly(citronellyl acrylate) Copolymers

Starch‐g‐poly(phenyl acrylate) copolymers—synthesis, characterization, and physicochemical properties

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