Starch Metabolism in Arabidopsis

Streb, Sebastian; Zeeman, Samuel C.

doi:10.1199/tab.0160

Cited by 266 publications

(322 citation statements)

References 286 publications

(418 reference statements)

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“…The chains are then simultaneously degraded by a set of glucanhydrolyzing enzymes (including b-amylases [BAM], a-amylases [AMY], and debranching enzymes) and dephosphorylated by phosphoglucan phosphatases (Streb and Zeeman, 2012). These enzymes work in synergy to completely degrade starch (Kötting et al, 2009;Edner et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Leaf Starch Degradation by Abscisic Acid Is Important for Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

et al. 2016

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Starch serves functions that range over a timescale of minutes to years, according to the cell type from which it is derived. In guard cells, starch is rapidly mobilized by the synergistic action of b-AMYLASE1 (BAM1) and a-AMYLASE3 (AMY3) to promote stomatal opening. In the leaves, starch typically accumulates gradually during the day and is degraded at night by BAM3 to support heterotrophic metabolism. During osmotic stress, starch is degraded in the light by stress-activated BAM1 to release sugar and sugar-derived osmolytes. Here, we report that AMY3 is also involved in stress-induced starch degradation. Recently isolated Arabidopsis thaliana amy3 bam1 double mutants are hypersensitive to osmotic stress, showing impaired root growth. amy3 bam1 plants close their stomata under osmotic stress at similar rates as the wild type but fail to mobilize starch in the leaves. 14 C labeling showed that amy3 bam1 plants have reduced carbon export to the root, affecting osmolyte accumulation and root growth during stress. Using genetic approaches, we further demonstrate that abscisic acid controls the activity of BAM1 and AMY3 in leaves under osmotic stress through the AREB/ABF-SnRK2 kinase-signaling pathway. We propose that differential regulation and isoform subfunctionalization define starch-adaptive plasticity, ensuring an optimal carbon supply for continued growth under an ever-changing environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Leaf Starch Degradation by Abscisic Acid Is Important for Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

et al. 2016

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“…Obviously, this strategy would be ineffective if Glc, the substrate of glycolysis, is not available. While during the day photosynthesis provides Glc for metabolic activities, transitory starch is required to sustain glycolysis at night (Streb and Zeeman, 2012). In the wild, plants are often submerged in muddy water, severely restricting photosynthesis (Pedersen et al, 2013), thus making starch produced before submergence of importance for maintaining glycolysis active.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gene Regulation and Survival under Hypoxia Requires Starch Availability and Metabolism

et al. 2017

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Plants respond to hypoxia, often caused by submergence, by expressing a specific set of genes that contribute to acclimation to this unfavorable environmental condition. Genes induced by low oxygen include those encoding enzymes for carbohydrate metabolism and fermentation, pathways that are required for survival. Sugar availability is therefore of crucial importance for energy production under hypoxia. Here, we show that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants require starch for surviving submergence as well as for ensuring the rapid induction of genes encoding enzymes required for anaerobic metabolism. The starchless pgm mutant is highly susceptible to submergence and also fails to induce anaerobic genes at the level of the wild type. Treating wild-type plants under conditions inducing sugar starvation results in a weak induction of alcohol dehydrogenase and other anaerobic genes. Induction of gene expression under hypoxia requires transcription factors belonging to group VII ethylene response factors (ERF-VII) that, together with plant Cys oxidases, act as an oxygen-sensing mechanism. We show that repression of this pathway by sugar starvation occurs downstream of the hypoxia-dependent stabilization of ERF-VII proteins and independently of the energy sensor protein kinases SnRK1

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“…Beyond these considerations about starch content, the very low absolute value of starch contents (below 0.3%) should be noticed. In oilseed embryos, starch is generally transiently synthetized in the early stages of seed development and then transformed in lipids and proteins (Andriotis et al, 2010;Eastmond and Rawsthorne, 2000;Troufflard, 2004;Streb and Zeeman, 2012). In flax, the maxima of starch content occurs around 20/25 days after flowering and can be up to 0.015 mg/embryo.…”

Section: Analysis Of Variancementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and varietal impact on linseed composition and on oil unidirectional expression process

Savoire

Lazouk

Van-Hecke

et al. 2015

OCL

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-Effect of environmental factors and cultivar on linseed composition and subsequent oil expression has been studied. Ten linseed cultivars were grown in two different location (north and south of France) during years 2011, 2012 and 2013. Every year have been characterized in terms of pluviometry, sunshine hours and degree days, each climatic factor has been cumulated from flowering to harvest. A strong impact of cultivar on oil, C18:3 and starch content has been noticed whereas the growing location has only affected the starch and lipid contents. Year effect have been recorded on proteins, oil and C18:3 content. A principal component analysis has highlighted the correlation between the pluviometry and the C18:3 content. Oil content have not presented any correlation with environmental or composition factors. Oil expression using the seeds previously characterized has exhibited a strong correlation between C18:3 content and oil yield. No correlation between oil yield and other composition parameters has been observed. The analysis of variance conducted on yield has emphasized that yield variation was majority attributable to a year effect.Keywords: Linseed / composition / environmental factors / oil expression / cultivar Résumé -Impact de la variété et de l'environnement sur la composition des graines de lin et sur le pressage unidirectionnel. L'effet des paramètres environnementaux et de la variété sur la composition de la graine de lin et sur le procédé ultérieur de pressage a été étudié. Dix variétés de lin oléagineux ont été cultivées sur deux sites différents (nord et centre de la France) au cours des années 2011, 2012 et 2013. Chaque année de culture a été caractérisée, de la floraison des plants à la récolte des graines, en termes de cumul de précipitation, de cumul d'heures d'ensoleillement et de degrés jour de croissance (DJCF). Un fort effet variétal sur les teneurs en huile, C18:3 et amidon a été relevé tandis que le lieu de culture n'a affecté que la teneur en lipides et amidon. L'effet année a quant à lui été marqué pour les teneurs en protéines, huile et C18:3. Une analyse en composantes principales a mis en évidence le lien entre teneur en C18:3 et cumul de précipitations. La teneur en lipides n'a pu être corrélée à aucun des paramètres environnementaux ou de composition étudiés. Le pressage des graines précédemment caractérisées a montré une forte corrélation entre teneur en C18:3 et rendement. Aucune autre corrélation entre paramètres de composition et rendement de pressage n'a été notée. L'analyse de variance a mis en évidence que les variations de rendement observées étaient principalement imputables à un effet année.

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Starch Metabolism in Arabidopsis

Cited by 266 publications

References 286 publications

Regulation of Leaf Starch Degradation by Abscisic Acid Is Important for Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

Regulation of Leaf Starch Degradation by Abscisic Acid Is Important for Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

Gene Regulation and Survival under Hypoxia Requires Starch Availability and Metabolism

Environmental and varietal impact on linseed composition and on oil unidirectional expression process

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