Start-up urbanism: New York, Rio de Janeiro and the global urbanization of technology-based economies

Rossi, Ugo; Bella, Arturo Di

doi:10.1177/0308518x17690153

Cited by 58 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Post-Fordism capitalism is entering a new stage; "knowledge economy", "information economy", "creative economy", "cognitive capitalism" and "cognitive-cultural economy" show that the new institutions are emerging in the world, the capitalist development of cognitive-cultural economy has brought about the third wave of urbanization and spatial development (Scott, 2014). New urbanization phenomena such as "high-tech urbanization" (Castells and Hall, 1994), "creative and knowledge urbanism" (Siemiatycki, 2013) and "entrepreneurial urbanization" (Datta, 2015) are emerging in cities of different countries around the world, which can be divided into two stages (Rossi and Bella, 2017). Firstly, in the early stage of "post-Fordism", with the capitalist mode of production shifted from Ford's mass production model to a flexible production, a series of "new industrial zones" and "new industrial spaces" appeared and developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovation-based urbanization: Evidence from 270 cities at the prefecture level or above in China

2019

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With the rapid development of knowledge economy, a number of important shifts are emerging in urbanization pattern across the world. Traditional urbanization theory has become hard to interpret these changes on a global scale, and "innovation" is a core concept to explain the new changes of the urbanization dynamics. As one of the important contents of urban geography, urbanization dynamic needs to turn from the general population flows between rural and urban areas into emphasizing high skilled migrants flow among cities and regions research. Against this background, we propose a conception of innovation-based urbanization. Using this concept, this study analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of high skilled migrants and cultural diversity on urban innovation in China, based on the data of the sixth census of 270 cities at the prefecture level or above in China. This study measures the extent to which highly skilled migrants and cultural diversity increase urban innovation, by using spatial Durbin method to construct urban innovation regression model, to support the concept of innovation-based urbanization. The result shows that: first of all, the concept of innovation-based urbanization conforms to the development of knowledge economy, which emphasizes the migration process of highly skilled labor to cities. It helps to promote the changes in urban functions and landscapes and the expansion of urban knowledge activities, which undelines new dynamics of urban development, innovative landscape. Secondly, innovation urbanization based on highly skilled migrants flow is an important driving force for the development of Chinese cities, especially for eastern coastal cities and capital cities. Thirdly, the scale of highly skilled migrants flow and the level of urban cultural diversity in China both have been demonstrated of having positive effect on urban innovation output. With other conditions unchanged, a 10% increase in the number of urban highly skilled migrants and urban cultural diversity will directly result in an increase of 3% and 2% in urban innovation output respectively. This research has deepened our understanding and awareness of the openness and dynamics of the regional innovation system, and it has also provided an important theoretical basis for the formulation of urbanization and urban development policy under knowledge economy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovation-based urbanization: Evidence from 270 cities at the prefecture level or above in China

2019

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“…Second, but no less important, it is linked to idea that neo‐liberalized concepts of smart development and smart city region favour a logic of self‐governing enterprise society, which entails a shifting of responsibilities for the economic and social welfare of disadvantaged and vulnerable territories from public authorities to private initiatives. In addition, there is also the risk that issues such as sustainable development and social innovation are co‐opted and used as instruments for strategies of high‐tech‐driven industrial renewal and capitalist accumulation, which can be further causes for exploitation of the periphery, with an increase in dependency and social exclusion (Bock, ; Marsden, ; Rossi & Di Bella, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the global circulation of economic imaginaries of tech urbanism, together with an explosion of interest in the growth potential in relation to the advent of socially interactive digital technologies (Rossi & Di Bella, ), the city of Catania has witnessed the rise of a vivacious hi‐tech scene. Local political‐economic elites have enthusiastically embraced technology‐based innovation as an opportunity to regenerate the tarnished reputation of the city as innovative milieu (Di Bella, ), which goes back to the 1990s and the “hi‐tech eruption of Etna Valley,” as defined by an enthusiastic article from that period published by the Financial Times (Betts, ).…”

Section: Towards a Smart Tourist Development: The Role Of Entrepreneumentioning

confidence: 99%

The Etna macro‐region between peripheralization and innovation: Towards a smart territorial system based on tourism

Bella

Petino

Scrofani

2019

Regional Science Policy & Practice

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This article offers an initial exploratory analysis of some promising agents and innovative practices for a long-term strategy of sustainable, inclusive and smart territorial development for peripheral areas in the Etna macro-region. It aims to scrutinize the potential role of tourism and local entrepreneurship with a view to implementing a territorial approach to a smart specialization strategy. Mostly based on statistical analysis and a critical review of literature, the paper gives an overview on strengths and weaknesses of some existing rural cluster initiatives of innovation, which are of interest to implementing a tourism-centred smart specialization that aims to combine tourism diversification and sustainable development. Both the promising and problematic side of the concept of smart specialization are discussed and some policy implications for realizing tourism innovation in accordance with the need to draw up an alternative policy agenda for the development of peripheral areas are suggested.

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“…scholarship -albeit still scarce and embryonic on this topic -has substantially seconded this idea (Florida and Mellander, 2016;Florida and King, 2018), while critical scholars have only expressed reservations about the overlooked role of public policy (McNeill, 2016;Rossi and Di Bella, 2017).…”

Section: Debunking the State In Urban-centred Imaginaries Of The Starmentioning

confidence: 99%

The start-up state: Governing urbanised capitalism

Moisio

Rossi

2019

Environ Plan A

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This paper assesses the mutating role of the state in today’s flourishing technology hubs in major cities and metropolitan areas across the globe through a comparative lens. Conventional wisdom associates the contemporary phenomenon of high-tech urbanism with minimum state intervention. In public as well as in scholarly debates, technology-intensive urban economies are customarily portrayed as a phenomenon whose formative creativity and ethos stems from an essentially post-political nature. As these economies emerge, thanks to the cooperative dynamism of urban societies, political governments are considered merely as coordinators of inter-actor relationships, particularly as managers or orchestrators of innovative ‘business ecosystems’ and ‘platforms’. We, in turn, suggest that today’s emergence of technology-based economies in a selected circle of major cities and metropolitan areas is an inherently political phenomenon, as it is closely linked to what we call the strategic urbanisation of the state. Looking at the trajectories of Finland and Italy during the post-recession decade of the 2010s, we disclose the state-driven selective mobilisation of urban economies as a response to the low-growth present of national political economies. In doing so, we argue that the entrepreneurialisation of selected urban locations cannot be understood without considering the qualitatively transformed roles of the local and national states. The coming together of entrepreneurialist and urbanising state strategies disclose a shift towards a start-up state whose distinctive features differ qualitatively from those of both the investment-oriented late-Keynesian entrepreneurial state and the decentralised local economic governance envisaged by today’s city-innovation theorists.

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Start-up urbanism: New York, Rio de Janeiro and the global urbanization of technology-based economies

Cited by 58 publications

References 31 publications

Innovation-based urbanization: Evidence from 270 cities at the prefecture level or above in China

Innovation-based urbanization: Evidence from 270 cities at the prefecture level or above in China

The Etna macro‐region between peripheralization and innovation: Towards a smart territorial system based on tourism

The start-up state: Governing urbanised capitalism

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