Startle response of captive North Sea fish species to underwater tones between 0.1 and 64kHz

Kastelein, Ronald A.; Heul, Sander van der; Verboom, W.C.; Jennings, Nancy; Veen, Jan van der; Haan, D. de

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2008.01.001

Cited by 72 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The deimatic display is usually observed in experiments involving visual stimuli (Langridge, 2009;Mather, 2010;Staudinger et al, 2011); it is considered a threat (or startle) display to deter potential predators (Staudinger et al, 2013) and is defined by a flattened body shape, paling of the skin, the presence of paired, dark mantle spots, a dark fin line, dark eye rings and a dilation of the pupil (Hanlon and Messenger, 1988;Hanlon and Messenger, 1996). The startle response has been described for several taxa, mostly vertebrates and insects (Hoy et al, 1989;Pilz and Schnitzler, 1996;Koch, 1999;Kastelein et al, 2008) and is provoked by an intense and unexpected stimulus, has a short delay, and involves a fast motor response including escape responses and subtler movement such as eye blinks (Hoy et al, 1989;Koch, 1999;Götz and Janik, 2011). Based on these descriptions of the startle response, we defined one of the responses in S. officinalis as a startle response.…”

Section: Scoring Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Graded behavioral responses and habituation to sound in the common cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis

Samson

Mooney

Gussekloo

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Sound is a widely available and vital cue in aquatic environments, yet most bioacoustic research has focused on marine vertebrates, leaving sound detection in invertebrates poorly understood. Cephalopods are an ecologically key taxon that likely use sound and may be impacted by increasing anthropogenic ocean noise, but little is known regarding their behavioral responses or adaptations to sound stimuli. These experiments identify the acoustic range and levels that elicit a wide range of secondary defense behaviors such as inking, jetting and rapid coloration change. Secondarily, it was found that cuttlefish habituate to certain sound stimuli. The present study examined the behavioral responses of 22 cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) to pure-tone pips ranging from 80 to 1000 Hz with sound pressure levels of 85-188 dB re. 1 μPa rms and particle accelerations of 0-17.1 m s −2 . Cuttlefish escape responses (inking, jetting) were observed between frequencies of 80 and 300 Hz and at sound levels above 140 dB re. 1 μPa rms and 0.01 m s −2 (0.74 m s −2 for inking responses). Body patterning changes and fin movements were observed at all frequencies and sound levels. Response intensity was dependent upon stimulus amplitude and frequency, suggesting that cuttlefish also possess loudness perception with a maximum sensitivity around 150 Hz. Cuttlefish habituated to repeated 200 Hz tone pips, at two sound intensities. Total response inhibition was not reached, however, and a basal response remained present in most animals. The graded responses provide a loudness sensitivity curve and suggest an ecological function for sound use in cephalopods.

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Section: Scoring Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Graded behavioral responses and habituation to sound in the common cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis

Samson

Mooney

Gussekloo

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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show abstract

“…Vertical swimming was either upwards, downwards or horizontally. Overall response were categorized as no reaction (no detected change in behavior), startle response [body flexion and 1 to 2 s of faster swimming (Blaxter et al, 1981;Kastelein et al, 2008)], avoidance (slow schooling, and diving or horizontal swimming away from the source, or alarm (rapid schooling and diving).…”

Section: Optical Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of captive herring exposed to naval sonar transmissions (1.0–1.6 kHz) throughout a yearly cycle

Doksæter

Handegard

Godø

et al. 2012

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Atlantic herring, Clupea harengus, is a hearing specialist, and several studies have demonstrated strong responses to man-made noise, for example, from an approaching vessel. To avoid negative impacts from naval sonar operations, a set of studies of reaction patters of herring to low-frequency (1.0-1.5 kHz) naval sonar signals has been undertaken. This paper presents herring reactions to sonar signals and other stimuli when kept in captivity under detailed acoustic and video monitoring. Throughout the experiment, spanning three seasons of a year, the fish did not react significantly to sonar signals from a passing frigate, at received root-mean-square sound-pressure level (SPL) up to 168 dB re 1 μPa. In contrast, the fish did exhibit a significant diving reaction when exposed to other sounds, with a much lower SPL, e.g., from a two-stroke engine. This shows that the experimental setup is sensitive to herring reactions when occurring. The lack of herring reaction to sonar signals is consistent with earlier in situ behavioral studies. The complexity of the behavioral reactions in captivity underline the need for better understanding of the causal relationship between stimuli and reaction patterns of fish.

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“…In particular, the Firth provides nursery sites for sand eels, an ecologically important species for predators that include sea birds and seals. The behavioural response to the noise generated to a tidal energy device will be species specific [57] and could have important consequences on the location of any device. Furthermore, electromagnetic fields associated with a tidal energy device and cable networks could influence the behavioural response of individual species [44].…”

Section: Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic priorities for assessing ecological impacts of marine renewable energy devices in the Pentland Firth (Scotland, UK)

et al. 2009

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Startle response of captive North Sea fish species to underwater tones between 0.1 and 64kHz

Cited by 72 publications

References 27 publications

Graded behavioral responses and habituation to sound in the common cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis

Graded behavioral responses and habituation to sound in the common cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis

Behavior of captive herring exposed to naval sonar transmissions (1.0–1.6 kHz) throughout a yearly cycle

Strategic priorities for assessing ecological impacts of marine renewable energy devices in the Pentland Firth (Scotland, UK)

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