State Characteristics of the Problem of Oral Cavity Environmental System

Abstract

The aim: Analysis of literary sources with the study of modern views on the problem of the immune status of the oral mucosa. Materials and methods: The review and analysis of scientific and medical literature for the years 2013-2019, based on Scopus databases, Web of Science, Med Line, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, CyberLeninka, RIC. Conclusions: Bacterial wall antigens are able to affect the local immune response of the oral mucosa. In particular, suppression of lymphocytes and macrophages proliferation, alteration of adhesion molecules expression and homing of the immune system cells to the inflammation site, inhibition of cytokine secretion by contact of the immune system cells with gram-positive bacteria is revealed. Therefore, studying the changes in the differentiation of the oral mucosa epithelium and periodontal tissues under the influence of environmental factors is of relevance. The conception of the oral cavity as a complex ecological system has not only theoretical but also practical value. Summarizing the data, we can say that at the current stage of science development the interaction of all structures should be considered, focusing on epitheliocytes of the oral mucosa, as a closing chain, which initiates changes that can affect the condition of the oral cavity and the results of pathological processes treatment of the oral cavity mucous membrane and periodontal tissues.

Modern view on mechanisms of epithelium differentiation of the oral mucosa in normal and pathological processes

“…Sastoji se od pločasto-slojevitog nekeratinizovanog epitela, bazalne membrane i submukozne baze, pokretne i elastične. Sluzokoža specijalizovanog tipa pokriva dorzalnu površinu jezika, prekrivenu pločasto-slojevitim nekaratinizovanim i, na nekim mestima, keratinizovanim epitelom i bazalnom membranom, koju karakteriše prisustvo papila i specijalizovanih kvržica čula ukusa, koja je pričvršćena za mišićno tkivo, umereno pokretna i otporna na mehanički pritisak 2,3 .…”

“…It is represented by a stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium, basement membrane and submucosal base, mobile and elastic. The mucous membrane of the specialized type covers the dorsal surface of the tongue, covered with stratified non-keratinized and in some areaskeratinized epithelium and basement membrane, characterized by the presence of special papillae and taste buds, adjacent to muscle tissue, moderately mobile and resistant to mechanical pressure 2,3 .…”

Application of optical scanning systems and 3D modeling algorithms as a method to control the depth of teeth preparation for fixed orthopedic structures

“…In orthopedic dentistry at the present stage of its development, a chemical technique of preparing teeth for fixed structures of dentures has been developed; however, the state of the pulp in response to preparation is not taken into account. Consequently, medical tactics for preserving or extirpating the pulp of abutment teeth, depending on the clinical case, are unreasonable [1,2].…”