State Genomic Registration And Legal Regulation Of The Interests Of Its Participants

Abstract

A breakthrough in the decoding of the genome of Homo Sapiens marked the transition of the society to a new level of life quality. Civilization has acquired an instrument allowing finding the hereditary characteristics of particular persons with a high degree of probability, to learn about their race, physiological and intellectual characteristics using a minimum amount of biological material. The identification capabilities of genetics have predetermined the formation and active development of a new branch of forensic medical expertise, which is widely in demand in law enforcement practice. At present, the molecular genetic study of tissue particles and secretions left at the sites of accidents allows experts to identify a living person or the metric data of a corpse. The possibilities of DNA analysis greatly facilitate the establishment of kinship in the event of conflict situations in family relationships. However, against the background of the achievements of genetic fingerprinting there emerged an important necessity of state registration of the genetic profiles obtained by experts in order to counteract crimes. The tendency to expand the number of persons subject to mandatory genomic registration can lead to a number of serious consequences associated with an attack on the dignity of the individual, as well as discrimination against people on genetic grounds. While using the achievements of genetics it is important to avoid misbalance between law enforcement interests of the state and the interests of individuals or the society as a whole.