State Gun Law Grades and Impact on Mass Shooting Event Incidence: An 8-Year Analysis

Duchesne, Juan; Taghavi, Sharven; Toraih, Eman A.; Simpson, John T.; Tatum, Danielle

doi:10.1097/xcs.0000000000000118

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…There was no discernible association noted in this study between gun laws and MSEs with other studies showing similar findings . However, this study looked at more than 4 years of MSEs during which gun laws varied in strength.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…The overall effect of gun laws on MSE incidence is unclear. In the literature, some evidence shows that the strength of state gun law has no impact on MSE incidence while other studies have shown that tougher gun laws can result in decreased MSE incidence and number of fatalities . Overall, this represents a complex problem that requires further analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…other studies have shown that tougher gun laws can result in decreased MSE incidence and number of fatalities. 22,23 Overall, this represents a complex problem that requires further analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was no discernible association noted in this study between gun laws and MSEs with other studies showing similar findings. 22 However, this study looked at more than 4 years of MSEs during which gun laws varied in strength. Further research could investigate how this has changed throughout the years and whether legislation may influence firearm deaths from MSEs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association Between Markers of Structural Racism and Mass Shooting Events in Major US Cities

et al. 2023

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ImportanceThe root cause of mass shooting events (MSEs) and the populations most affected by them are poorly understood.ObjectiveTo examine the association between structural racism and mass shootings in major metropolitan cities in the United States.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study of MSEs in the 51 largest metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the United States analyzes population-based data from 2015 to 2019 and the Gun Violence Archive. The data analysis was performed from February 2021 to January 2022.ExposureShooting event where 4 or more people not including the shooter were injured or killed.Main Outcome and MeasuresMSE incidence and markers of structural racism from demographic data, Gini income coefficient, Black-White segregation index, and violent crime rate.ResultsThere were 865 MSEs across all 51 MSAs from 2015 to 2019 with a total of 3968 injuries and 828 fatalities. Higher segregation index (ρ = 0.46, P = .003) was associated with MSE incidence (adjusted per 100 000 population) using Spearman ρ analysis. Percentage of the MSA population comprising Black individuals (ρ = 0.76, P &lt; .001), children in a single-parent household (ρ = 0.44, P &lt; .001), and violent crime rate (ρ = 0.34, P = .03) were other variables associated with MSEs. On linear regression, structural racism, as measured by percentage of the MSA population comprising Black individuals, was associated with MSEs (β = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.14; P &lt; .001). Segregation index (β = 0.02, 95% CI, −0.03 to 0.06; P = .53), children in a single-parent household (β = −0.04, 95% CI, −0.11 to 0.04; P = .28), and Gini income coefficient (β = −1.02; 95% CI, −11.97 to 9.93; P = .93) were not associated with MSEs on linear regression.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that major US cities with higher populations of Black individuals are more likely to be affected by MSEs, suggesting that structural racism may have a role in their incidence. Public health initiatives aiming to prevent MSEs should target factors associated with structural racism to address gun violence.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association Between Markers of Structural Racism and Mass Shooting Events in Major US Cities

et al. 2023

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“…Public health education and training has endured rapid change over the years accompanied by many challenges that have shaped current public health paradigms, practices, and policies. Following the stilted response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have yet to witness justice in racially motivated attacks against unarmed Black Americans (McCoy, 2020) and Asian Americans (Gover et al, 2020), the abrogation of sexual and reproductive rights (Hubler, 2022), and the institutional inaction on firearm control (Duchesne et al, 2022). Academic institutions of public health are expected to abide their training approaches by national standards and priorities of the Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH, 2021), while also striving to curate a diverse student collective.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Imagining Public Health Education: Students’ Perspectives and Considerations

Takenaka,

Lee,

Orakwue

et al. 2023

Health Educ Behav

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Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the shortcomings and neglected weaknesses of public health systems have risen to the surface, emphasizing the need for new approaches to designing and delivering public health training. Higher education institutions have a critical role in advocating for societal change and sufficiently prepare the next generations of public health. Therefore, this commentary shares the unique voices of current and recently completed graduate students from public health programs across the United States in identifying areas of improvement, so that proactive steps toward refining the current landscape of public health education and training may be taken. We speak upon the inaction and accountability of public health academic spaces in dismantling the various forms of systemic oppression, such as racism, colonialism, and epistemic injustice, while encouraging prospective and current graduate colleagues to be mindful and curious to re-imagine the role of such pedagogies of public health to reduce the progressing health inequities.

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Trends in mass shootings in the United States (2013–2021): A worsening American epidemic of death

Donnelly

Grigorian

Inaba

et al. 2023

The American Journal of Surgery

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State Gun Law Grades and Impact on Mass Shooting Event Incidence: An 8-Year Analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Association Between Markers of Structural Racism and Mass Shooting Events in Major US Cities

Association Between Markers of Structural Racism and Mass Shooting Events in Major US Cities

Re-Imagining Public Health Education: Students’ Perspectives and Considerations

Trends in mass shootings in the United States (2013–2021): A worsening American epidemic of death

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