State-level climate, anti-discrimination law, and sexual minority health status: An ecological study

Solazzo, Alexa; Brown, Tony N.; Gorman, Bridget K.

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.033

Cited by 37 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…One lecture approach was a class led by a person who identified with SGM groups. Another approach was a class which addressed: [1] ethical matters, such as lesbian women having a baby with artificial semination, [2] mental issues, such as anxiety and difficulties that persons with gender identity disorder (GID) and gender dysphoria, are likely to experience, and [3] sex-reassignment surgery (SRS) for GID. The primary reasons for not offering any classes or workshops with respect to SGM were unavailability of suitable instructors or no policy regarding SGM education in the medical school.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Japan's English version of the Model Core Curriculum for Medical Education, under Human Behavior and Psychology: Individual Differences, establishes one competency directly related to SGM curriculum, 'the ability to explain gender formation, sexual orientation, and ways of consideration for gender identification' [16]. However, as a singular aim, this competency is overly broad, so we structured our competencies based on three of the qualities and abilities required of a physician classifications in the Model Core Curriculum for Medical Education in Japan AY 2016 and designated them as our primary competency classifications: [1] Patient Care, [2] Knowledge for Practice (Practical Skills in model core), and [3] Professionalism (as further described in 'Implementing Curricular and Institutional Climate Changes to Improve Health Care for Individuals Who Are LGBT, Gender Nonconforming, or Born with DSD' [16,35]). These three classifications were selected because: [1] they reflect a subset of the qualities and abilities of physicians in the Japanese core curriculum, and provide structural parallel for the organization of core competencies, [2] our education regarding SGM had not been applied to practical settings, and therefore needed a classification structure from existing core models.…”

Section: Survey Data Analysis Within Core Curriculum and Van Melle Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ) individuals face higher rates of obesity, substance abuse, sexually transmitted disease, and suicide than heterosexual and cisgender people [1]. In addition, they are detached from the formal healthcare system and are less likely to be insured than heterosexual and cisgender people in the United States [2]. However, Japan has universal healthcare insurance [3], providing healthcare system access to all.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and curriculum of sexual and gender minority education in Japanese medical school and future direction

Yamazaki

Aoki

Otaki

2020

Medical Education Online

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Background: In Japan, sexual and gender minorities (SGM) remain stigmatized, provoking hospital access barriers and health disparities from judgmental care. Japan's Westerninfluenced introduction of SGM course content into medical education for future physicians addresses these disparities, although often perfunctorily and inconsistently. Objective: To examine the prevalence and characteristics of medical education curriculum with respect to SGM patients, we surveyed medical schools. Methods: A medical education faculty member from each of 80 Japanese medical schools received double postcards to identify relevant SGM coursework. Upon acknowledgement, 43 schools received seven-item anonymous questionnaires in March 2018. Survey results were analyzed from the perspective of three of the qualities and abilities required of a physician -Patient Care, Knowledge for Practice, and Professionalism from Japan's Medical Core Curriculumto develop recommendations for outcomes-based SGM curriculum through the lens of Van Melle's medical education framework. Results: The response rate was 46%, with 22 schools providing SGM lectures mostly to firstand third-year students. Obstetrics and Gynecology, Neuropsychiatry, and Introduction to Medicine lectures were the top three subjects offering SGM lectures, primarily consisting of basic knowledge of SGM and Differences in Sex Development. Several lectures addressed the health challenges of SGM. Primary reasons for not offering SGM lectures were lack of suitable instructors or no school policies. Conclusions: Students can best experience the humanity of SGM patients and employ more appropriate diagnostic practices and modes of treatment with targeted curriculum to address SGM health disparities and inclusion of SGM patients in clinical practice training. To disseminate SGM education in Japanese medical schools, development of qualified instructors and policies is essential, employing currently active experts. The Van Melle reforms framework can guide in the development of recommended tailored learning experiences and lectures for improved and expanded SGM education, integrating appropriate coursework within current medical core curriculum structure. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Survey Data Analysis Within Core Curriculum and Van Melle Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and curriculum of sexual and gender minority education in Japanese medical school and future direction

Yamazaki

Aoki

Otaki

2020

Medical Education Online

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“…In Europe, Pachankis et al's () study of MSM from 38 countries finds lower rates of known HIV‐prevention techniques, and thus, higher HIV rates in countries with fewer LGB legal protections including antidiscrimination policies. Finally, Solazzo, Brown, and Gorman' () study on U.S. states with LGB antidiscrimination laws finds empirical evidence of better physical and mental health in states with protections, even controlling for LGB‐friendly regional contexts.…”

Section: Lgb Human Rights and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual human rights as a global health issue

Marchia

2018

Sociology Compass

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The purpose of this review article is to connect sociological perspectives on global health to Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual health disparities. This article uses the ecosocial theory of health to analyze the ratification of LGB human rights as a cross‐national contributor to health outcomes for the LGB population. I outline the findings of previous research on this intersection as well as call for more research on this relationship by addressing the gaps within the literature and available data, which have stalled more robust analysis. Finally, I address potential future directions for research including further data collection and attentiveness to national contexts.

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“…Eles compreendem que essas leis vão além de apenas desencorajar a discriminação contra esses sujeitos, mas acaba aumentando a capacidade dessas pessoas de protegerem a sua saúde e buscarem os seus direitos. Demonstraram, ainda, que a lei antidiscriminação é mais efetiva quando a opinião pública tende a ter uma mentalidade aberta e igualitária sobre os direitos universais dos cidadãos, sejam eles ou não marginalizados e estigmatizados 160 . Após a legalização do casamento igualitário em Massachusetts, Hatzenbuehler e Keyes 163 produziram um estudo cujo objetivo era averiguar se essa legalização ocasionou uma redução no uso de cuidados de saúde e despesas de homens com sexualidade não heterossexual.…”

Section: Direito E Saúde Da População Lgbtunclassified

Direito, saúde e suicídio: Impactos das leis e decisões judiciais na saúde dos jovens LGBT

Barbosa

Medeiros

2018

RBPP

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O suicídio tem sido considerado na atualidade um grande problema de saúde pública. Esse é um fenômeno complexo que tem crescido significativamente em todo o mundo, de modo mais acentuado em jovens. Diversos pesquisadores apontam uma maior vulnerabilidade a ideações, tentativas e suicídios da população de certos grupos sociais, como a de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais e Transexuais (LGBT) se comparado aos seus pares cis-heterossexuais. Essa maior propensão a esse fenômeno é descrita por tais pesquisadores como sendo resultante do estigma, violência e preconceito sofrido por esses sujeitos em razão da sua sexualidade/identidade de gênero desviante. Assim, visando compreender a relação do Estado com esses fatores de riscos específicos ao suicídio da população LGBT, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar se a garantia de direitos promovida pelo Estado repercute na redução das ideações, tentativas e suicídios na população Jovem LGBT. Esse trabalho foi produzido a partir de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, já quanto aos objetivos foi uma pesquisa exploratória e em relação aos procedimentos é uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Foi evidenciado através da presente pesquisa que o Estado ao garantir/negar direitos a população LGBT ele contribui para a diminuição/aumento do estigma social dirigido a tal população. Desse modo, tais leis/decisões judiciais de garantia/negação, podem influenciar, significativamente, nos índices de ideações, tentativas e suicídios na população jovem LGBT. Esse trabalho se mostra importante em razão da escassez de estudos em língua portuguesa com essa perspectiva do direito como meio possível de produção de saúde para a população LGBT.

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State-level climate, anti-discrimination law, and sexual minority health status: An ecological study

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

Prevalence and curriculum of sexual and gender minority education in Japanese medical school and future direction

Prevalence and curriculum of sexual and gender minority education in Japanese medical school and future direction

Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual human rights as a global health issue

Direito, saúde e suicídio: Impactos das leis e decisões judiciais na saúde dos jovens LGBT

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