State-Level Estimates of Household Firearm Ownership

Schell, Terry L.; Peterson, Samuel H.; Vegetabile, Brian G.; Scherling, Adam; Smart, Rosanna; Morral, Andrew R.

doi:10.7249/tl354

Cited by 91 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Some (21%) mentioned that it was too much trouble to get one; others mentioned lack of familiarity and possible legal consequences. of household gun prevalence for each of the 50 states (Schell et al, 2020). I computed the cross-section correlation between their estimate and FS/S to be .91, which demonstrates that FS/S is a valid alternative to the RAND estimates.…”

Section: E N D N O T E Smentioning

confidence: 87%

“…To test the hypothesis that gun use in robbery was affected by the prevalence of gun ownership required data on the prevalence of gun ownership. While there are national survey estimates (Schell et al., 2020; Smith & Son, 2019), there is no direct and routinely available measure of local or state gun ownership. I proposed an index of gun ownership based on gun use in suicide and homicide (Cook, 1981); it was later simplified and validated by Deborah Azrael and Matthew Miller (Azrael, Cook, & Miller, 2001, 2004; Kleck, 2004), and in its current form has been widely utilized to study how gun violence relates to the prevalence of gun ownership.…”

Section: Gun Availability: the Supply Sidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evidence from aggregate data thus demonstrates that the choice of weapons by robbers and other violent offenders, as well as by suicidal people, is positively linked to the household prevalence of gun ownership. A plausible mechanism is gun availability—that offenders find it more difficult to obtain guns in Massachusetts, New Jersey, or Hawaii, where household gun prevalence is less than 15%, than in Alaska, Montana, or Wyoming, where it is over 60% (Schell et al., 2020). That interpretation receives some support from surveys of inmates and ethnographic research.…”

Section: Gun Availability: the Supply Sidementioning

confidence: 99%

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Thinking about gun violence

Cook

2020

Criminology & Public Policy

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The Stockholm Prize for 2020 was awarded for research on gun violence and its prevention, and recognizes the growing depth and scope of this field. I am honored to be a co-recipient, together with Franklin E. Zimring. This essay focuses on three of the topics that have been on my agenda over the course of the last 45 years: how best to conceptualize and measure the problem of gun violence; the availability of guns to violent offenders; and how and why to improve police investigations of criminal shooting incidents, including assaults and homicides.

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Section: E N D N O T E Smentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Gun Availability: the Supply Sidementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gun Availability: the Supply Sidementioning

confidence: 99%

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Thinking about gun violence

Cook

2020

Criminology & Public Policy

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“…Thus, while the findings speak to the importance of provisions preventing DV offenders obtaining guns in urban counties, better measures of gun availability in rural counties are required. While there have been some excellent recent attempts at measuring gun availability (e.g., Schell et al, 2020), adequately capturing gun availability at the neighborhood, city, or county level has remained a persistent challenge for researchers in this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate partner femicide in context: An examination of firearm type across the rural/urban divide

Mancik¹,

Stansfield²,

Kinard³

2020

International Journal of Rural Criminology

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Previous research on intimate partner homicide (IPH) has established that intimate partner homicides are overwhelmingly committed with a firearm. Emerging research suggests the risk of partner violence turning lethal in rural America is often exacerbated by a higher prevalence of firearm ownership, as well as the limited availability of victim support services, economic disadvantages, and access to healthcare services. Given that IPH represents one of the most common types of homicide in rural areas, understanding the prevalence and associated risk and protective factors presents important policy implications. Using county-level data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's National Violent Death Reporting System for the years 2015-2016 and controlling for well-established structural correlates of IPH, this research examines the nature and prevalence of IPH across county context. We investigate whether leading predictors of IPH (firearm access, domestic violence support services, and economic disadvantage) are associated with firearm and non-firearm IPH incidents equally and whether these relationships hold when comparing rural and urban counties. We further examine the unique dynamics of firearm specific IPH, including a comparison of IPH incidents committed with handguns versus long guns, given their differing prevalence and cultural context in rural and urban communities. Findings reveal important differences across the rural-urban divide and weapon types. Implications for research and policy are discussed.

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“…Firearm suicide as a proportion of all suicide is often used in research and evaluation as a proxy for rearm ownership either on its own or alongside surveys or other proxies. (13,14) The range of 6-73% for all persons and for 8-77% for males strongly suggests that rearm ownership varies signi cantly at geographic units below the state level. Further research is needed to understand differences below the state level for rearm ownership and how this may affect or be affected by local policies, programs, and regulations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Firearm Suicide in US Congressional Districts Estimated from County-Level Underlying Cause of Death Reports

Schnippel¹,

Burd-Sharps²

2020

Preprint

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Background: Suicide is the most common form of violent death in the US and firearms are the most common means of suicide, contributing to half of all suicide deaths. The focus of this research is calculating suicide and firearm suicide counts and rates for each congressional district in order to highlight the types of legislation and local programs that can address this public health crisis in each district.Methods: Counts of suicides and firearm suicides for the congressional districts were calculated by weighting county counts as reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for the five-year period 2014 to 2018 by the proportion of the county population allocated to the congressional district for that population group as available from the Census Bureau’s Summary File for the 116th Congress. The weighted counts were then summed over the counties in the congressional district. Results: There are 52 firearm suicides on average per congressional district each year, yet there is tremendous district-level variation across the country and even within states. Seventeen districts—in Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York and Washington, DC—have 10 or fewer firearm suicides each year. On the other hand, 11 districts—in Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oklahoma, Oregon, and Tennessee—have over 100 gun suicides each year. 88 percent of the difference in congressional district-level suicide rates is explained by differences in firearm suicide. The proportion of suicides by firearm out of all suicides ranges from 6% to 73% across districts. Rates of suicide by other means were similar across rural and urban districts, while rates of firearm suicide were on average 5 times higher in rural districts (1.77 in urban compared to 10.60 per 100,000 population in rural). Conclusions: Understanding the incidence of firearm suicide in US congressional districts can provide tools for holding elected officials accountable for taking steps-- including research funding, key policies, storage practices, public education initiatives -- to protect the lives of their constituents by preventing firearm suicide.

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State-Level Estimates of Household Firearm Ownership

Cited by 91 publications

References 4 publications

Thinking about gun violence

Thinking about gun violence

Intimate partner femicide in context: An examination of firearm type across the rural/urban divide

Incidence of Firearm Suicide in US Congressional Districts Estimated from County-Level Underlying Cause of Death Reports

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