State of Art of Saffron (Crocus sativusL.) Agronomy: A Comprehensive Review

Kumar, Rakesh; Singh, Virendra; Devi, Kiran; Sharma, Madhu; Singh, Mandeep; Ahuja, Paramvir Singh

doi:10.1080/87559120802458503

Cited by 136 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The country of origin of a commercial sample is often unclear since much of the saffron in retail line is reexported. Saffron is considered to be the most expensive spice and its production is extremely laborious; each flower produces three stigmata, and some 150,000 flowers from 370-470 ha of land are needed to produce 1 kg of saffron (Kumar et al 2009;Fernandez 2004). The annual production of saffron is reported to be close to 300 tons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1H NMR metabolic fingerprinting of saffron extracts

et al. 2010

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The aim of this study was to explore feasibility of 1 H NMR metabolic fingerprinting for discrimination of authenticity of saffron using principal component analysis (PCA) modeling. Authentic reference Iranian saffron (n = 31) and commercial samples (n = 32) were used. Cross-validated PCA models based on 1 H NMR spectra of solutions prepared by direct extraction of grinded saffron with methanol-d 4 distinguished reference Iranian saffron samples from commercial samples that formed several distinct clusters, some of which represent falsified samples as confirmed by microscopic analysis. The production sites and drying conditions of the authentic reference Iranian samples were not reflected in the current dataset. Picrocrocin and glycosyl esters of crocetin emerged as the most important 1 H NMR markers of authentic saffron by using statistical correlation spectroscopy. In conclusion, 1 H NMR spectra of saffron extracts combined with pattern recognition by PCA provide immediate means of unsupervised classification of saffron samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1H NMR metabolic fingerprinting of saffron extracts

et al. 2010

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“…In addition to nutrient management, corm size is a crucial factor for flowering potential in saffron (Kumar et al, 2009;Khan et al, 2011). It has been reported that there is a close relationship between corm size and the number of flowers in saffron (De Mastro and Ruta, 1993;Gresta et al, 2008;Koocheki and Seyyedi, 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, being = 3x = 24 and basic 8, saffron is unable to produce viable seeds and it is propagated only in a vegetative way by cultivation of ., 2013). During each season, saffron propagates by replacement or daughter corms (Kumar et al, 2009; In agroecosystems, identifying the factors affecting quantity and quality of agricultural products is a crucial part of the field management, and should be taken into account in d .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Corm Size, Organic Fertilizers, Fe-EDTA and Zn-EDTA Foliar Application on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Uptake of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in a Calcareous Soil under Greenhouse Conditions

Koocheki

Seyyedi

2016

Not Sci Biol

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A greenhouse research experiment was conducted. The experiment was arranged in factorial layout based on a completely randomized design. The mother corm size (0.1 vermicompost 10 t levels (foliar application and no application) were assigned as the first Based on the results, with increasing mother corm size, formation of small corms (0.1 medium (4.1 applied. Moreover, foliar application increased daughter corm yield in medium and larger size corms. Phosphorus and nitrogen concentration in daughter corms increased with increasing the size of mother corm phosphorus and nitrogen conc on account of cattle manure application improve corm number than rather corm weight.

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“…Asdaq and Inamdar [10] investigated the potential of saffron and its constituent, crocin, as hypolipidemic and antioxidant agent in rats and reported that saffron was found to be superior to crocin indicating the involvement of other potential constituents of saffron apart from crocin for its synergistic behaviour of quenching free radicals. Moreover according to Kumar et al [11] saffron is known to have antioxidant-like properties. Furthermore, extracts of several spices and herbs have been shown to reduce A. parasiticus growth and AFB 1 production [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Inhibits Aflatoxin B1 Production by Aspergillus parasiticus

Tzanidi¹,

Proestos²,

Markaki³

2012

AiM

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Aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) is a carcinogenic metabolite produced by certain Aspergillus species. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of saffron stigmas on A. parasiticus growth and AFB 1 production in Yeast Extract Sucrose (YES) medium. AFB 1 was extracted from cultures and purified with immunoaffinity columns followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to fluorescence detector (FL) analysis. Methods' recovery and limit of detection were 95.3% and 0.02 ng AFB 1 ·ml -1 of YES respectively. Results indicated that AFB 1 production in samples of YES inoculated with A. parasiticus after the addition of saffron dried stigmas (100 mg·flask -1 ) was significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared to control samples (inoculated without the addition of saffron stigmas) throughout the entire incubation period (18 days), at the same time as mycelial growth was noticeable. In addition, mycelial growth was observed and AFB 1 was detected, after the 7 th day of observation in cultures with saffron alone. Maximum production was observed on the 12 th day (0.018 μg AFB 1 ·flask -1 ) and on the 9 th day (0.051 μg AFB1·flask -1 ) for samples of YES with the addition of saffron inoculated with A. parasiticus and samples with saffron alone (non-inoculated), respectively. In control samples (inoculated without saffron) the maximum production on the same days 12 and 9 was 75.31 μg AFB 1 ·flask -1 and 64 μg AFB 1 ·flask -1 respectively. Conclusively when saffron was added to YES inoculated with A. parasiticus, AFB 1 production decreased by 99.9% compared to control cultures without saffron addition. This inhibition can be attributed to the antioxidant capacity of saffron constituents.

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State of Art of Saffron (Crocus sativusL.) Agronomy: A Comprehensive Review

Cited by 136 publications

References 75 publications

1H NMR metabolic fingerprinting of saffron extracts

1H NMR metabolic fingerprinting of saffron extracts

Effects of Corm Size, Organic Fertilizers, Fe-EDTA and Zn-EDTA Foliar Application on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Uptake of Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus</i> L.) in a Calcareous Soil under Greenhouse Conditions

Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus L.</i>) Inhibits Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> Production by <i>Aspergillus parasiticus</i>

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State of Art of Saffron (Crocus sativusL.) Agronomy: A Comprehensive Review

Cited by 136 publications

References 75 publications

1H NMR metabolic fingerprinting of saffron extracts

1H NMR metabolic fingerprinting of saffron extracts

Effects of Corm Size, Organic Fertilizers, Fe-EDTA and Zn-EDTA Foliar Application on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Uptake of Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus</i> L.) in a Calcareous Soil under Greenhouse Conditions

Saffron (&lt;i&gt;Crocus sativus L.&lt;/i&gt;) Inhibits Aflatoxin B&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; Production by &lt;i&gt;Aspergillus parasiticus&lt;/i&gt;

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Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus L.</i>) Inhibits Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> Production by <i>Aspergillus parasiticus</i>