State of oncology care in Russia: pancreatic cancer (C25). Diagnosis, prevalence, quality of patient registration, and annual mortality. Part 1. (clinical-population study)

Abstract

The study focuses on pancreatic cancer (C25), a malignant neoplasm arising from the ductal epithelium or glandular tissue of the pancreas, which accounts for 3% of the overall cancer incidence in Russia. The rates of incidence and mortality are rising, with the number of newly registered patients in Russia being lower than the number of recorded deaths, although the one-year mortality rate among patients is decreasing. The direct cause of pancreatic cancer (C25) remains unknown. Risk factors for developing this condition include genetics, smoking, alcohol abuse, a sedentary lifestyle, excessive meat consumption, and a lack of plant-based foods in the diet. Diseases associated with a high risk of this pathology include long-standing chronic pancreatitis, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in individuals aged 50-70, and cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. The aim of the study is to examine the patterns of incidence and mortality, the quality of patient registration, the characteristics of tumor localization, and the histological structure of pancreatic cancer (C25). The study will also track the nature of annual mortality among patients and explore the possibilities, methods, and techniques of modern diagnosis and treatment for these patients. The research confirmed the significant burden of pancreatic cancer (C25), primarily due to the late detection of this disease. The study provided sufficient material to analyze age-related risk factors, as well as the patterns of incidence and mortality in the population. It also examined and presented mortality rates among patients, including during the first year of observation.