State-of-technology review of water-based closed seasonal thermal energy storage systems

Bott, Christoph; Dressel, Ingo; Bayer, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.06.048

Cited by 100 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Thermal storage systems can be classified into different categories according to their range of working temperature, storage mechanism, nature of circulation, and duration of storage period. [24][25][26][27] 1.1.1 | Based on their operating temperature TES systems are categorized by their operating temperatures such as low-, medium-, and high-temperature TES systems. Storage systems operating under the range of 20 C to 100 C are considered to be a low-temperature storage systems and between 100 C and 200 C are considered to be a medium-temperature storage systems, whereas the systems operating beyond the temperature of 250 C are called high-temperature thermal storage systems.…”

Section: Tes Classificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on solar thermal energy storage technologies and their geometrical configurations

Suresh

Saini

2020

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Because of the unstable and intermittent nature of solar energy availability, a thermal energy storage system is required to integrate with the collectors to store thermal energy and retrieve it whenever it is required. Thermal energy storage not only eliminates the discrepancy between energy supply and demand but also increases the performance and reliability of energy systems and plays a crucial role in energy conservation. Under this paper, different thermal energy storage methods, heat transfer enhancement techniques, storage materials, heat transfer fluids, and geometrical configurations are discussed. A comparative assessment of various thermal energy storage methods is also presented. Sensible heat storage involves storing thermal energy within the storage medium by increasing temperature without undergoing any phase transformation, whereas latent heat storage involves storing thermal energy within the material during the transition phase. Combined thermal energy storage is the novel approach to store thermal energy by combining both sensible and latent storage. Based on the literature review, it was found that most of the researchers carried out their work on sensible and latent storage systems with the different storage media and heat transfer fluids. Limited work on a combined sensible‐latent heat thermal energy storage system with different storage materials and heat transfer fluids was carried out so far. Further, combined sensible and latent heat storage systems are reported to have a promising approach, as it reduces the cost and increases the energy storage with a stabilized outflow of temperature from the system. The studies discussed and presented in this paper may be helpful to carry out further research in this area.

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Section: Tes Classificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on solar thermal energy storage technologies and their geometrical configurations

Suresh

Saini

2020

Int J Energy Res

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“…Environment itself is an energy storage, if a change of the environment is used to generate electricity. One can encapsulate and insulate a fraction of the environment, so that its property does not change as quickly [15]. Next, electricity is generated from a difference between the encapsulation and the free environment.…”

Section: Energy Transmission and Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Electricity without Fuel

Zarkevich¹

2019

jept

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Most power plants produce electricity by converting a mechanical motion into alternating current (AC). Photovoltaic solar panels convert an electromagnetic flux of light into direct current (DC). In general, electric energy can be harvested from a flux in the environment or from a change of the environment itself. One can produce electricity from mechanical, chemical, thermal, electromagnetic (light), or another physical flux, or from a change of temperature, chemical composition, or a physical field: gravitational, magnetic, electric, mechanical stress and strain, etc. Flux examples are mechanical motions of air and water, surface waves and tides, heat fluxes due to a temperature gradient, solar light, and a chemical flux (such as humidity propagation in the atmospheric air or diffusion of salt in water due to a gradient of salinity at the mouth of a fresh-water river flowing into an ocean). Environmental changes are under-used in energy production, although people are exposed to daily and seasonal changes of the environment, which include changing air temperature, pressure, humidity, and composition, tidal changes of the gravitational field, and less periodic changes of the geo-magnetic and electric fields. Production of electricity without fuel from the environmental changes and fluxes requires a durable infrastructure for a costeffective utilization of the "semi-perpetual" energy resources.

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“…This supported the idea of promoting seasonal thermal energy storages (STES), in which the solar energy harvested in summer is kept stored for several months until the heating season begins. The state-of-the-art regarding installed STES is dominated by sensible technology, as recently reported [13]. Currently, sensible STESs are installed in 31 locations in Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Unified Methodology to Identify the Potential Application of Seasonal Sorption Storage Technology

2020

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In this study, the definition of a new methodology for a preliminary evaluation of the working boundary conditions under which a seasonal thermal energy storage (STES) system operates is described. The approach starts by considering the building features as well as the reference heating system in terms of solar thermal collectors’ technology, ambient heat sinks/source, and space heating distribution systems employed. Furthermore, it is based on a deep climatic analysis of the place where the STES needs to be installed, to identify both winter and summer operating conditions. In particular, the STES energy density is evaluated considering different space heating demands covered by the STES (ranging from 10% up to 60%). The obtained results demonstrate that this approach allows for the careful estimation of the achievable STES density, which is varies significantly both with the space heating coverage guaranteed by the STES as well as with the ambient heat source/sink that is employed in the system. This confirms the need for careful preliminary analysis to avoid the overestimation of the STES material volume. The proposed approach was then applied for different climatic conditions (e.g., Germany and Sweden) and the volume of one of the most attractive composite sorbent materials reported in the literature, i.e., multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)-LiCl, using water as the working fluid, needed for covering the variable space heating demand in a Nearly Zero Energy Building (NZEB) was calculated. In the case of Swedish buildings, it ranges from about 3.5 m3 when 10% of the space heating demand is provided by the STES, up to 11.1 m3 when 30% of the space heating demand is provided by the STES.

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State-of-technology review of water-based closed seasonal thermal energy storage systems

Cited by 100 publications

References 39 publications

Review on solar thermal energy storage technologies and their geometrical configurations

Review on solar thermal energy storage technologies and their geometrical configurations

Electricity without Fuel

Unified Methodology to Identify the Potential Application of Seasonal Sorption Storage Technology

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