State-of-the Art Comparability of Corrected Emission Spectra. 2. Field Laboratory Assessment of Calibration Performance Using Spectral Fluorescence Standards

Abstract

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Calibration, standardization, and quantitative analysis of multidimensional fluorescence (MDF) measurements on complex mixtures (IUPAC Technical Report)

“…The excitation and the emission sides of the instrument must be spectrally calibrated according to standard methods [12,[16][17][18][20][21][22][23]. .…”

“…To date, no such multi-fluorophore standards exist, and consequently both excitation and emission should be calibrated independently using conventional procedures. The reader is directed elsewhere for more detailed discussion of the aspects of standard spectral correction [12,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Determination of the photoluminescence quantum yield of dilute dye solutions (IUPAC Technical Report)

“…Simple procedures for the determination of the (relative) spectral responsivity were only recently assessed in two international comparisons, one comparison involving four National Metrology Institutes and in another comparison involving several field laboratories randomly chosen from academia and industry [59,60]. The used and evaluated fluorescence standards, the BAM Kit Spectral Fluorescence Standards covering the spectral region from 300 to 770 nm, are commercially available.…”

“…The spectral responsivity of the emission channel always depends on both wavelength and polarization. Both dependences can be accounted for by excitation and emission correction curves [36,48,55,56,[58][59][60]. Sample-related polarization effects reflect the size of the fluorescence anisotropy or (de)polarization of the sample [1].…”

“…To improve the quality of presently available Φ f data, the quality of the correction methods and of the available reference materials including reference values have to be upgraded, evaluated, and established, the latter, for instance, by absolute quantum yield measurements [36,38] and/or roundrobin tests of expert laboratories in conjunction with the supply of the accordingly tested fluorescence quantum yield standards. A related procedure has been recently followed for lifetime standards [89] as well as for spectral fluorescence standards [59,60]. In this respect, a set of very well characterized quantum yield standards covering the wavelength region of 350 to 1000 nm has been very recently presented [44].…”