State of the Art of Seismic Protection Technologies for Non-Engineered Buildings (N-EBs) in Developing Regions of the World

Galano, Simone; Calabrese, Andrea

doi:10.1080/13632469.2023.2165579

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 144 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Multiple studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] proposed the replacement of steel shims (used in conventional steel-laminated bearings) with flexible fiber reinforcement reduced the cost and weight of the isolators, leading to the "Fiber reinforced Elastomeric Isolator (FREI)". However, FREIs remain too stiff to isolate lightweight residential buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shake-Table Testing of Low-Cost, High-Performance Seismic Isolators Based on Rolling Rubber Spheres

Katsamakas,

Vassiliou

2023

Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (COM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study presents the results of a large-scale experimental investigation of low-cost, highperformance seismic isolators based on deformable rolling rubber spheres. The spheres roll on flat or concave concrete surfaces. Different types of spheres and design scenarios were examined. A potential application of the proposed isolator could be in low-rise structures in regions where conventional seismic isolators are unaffordable. The spheres were initially subjected to monotonic uniaxial compression and sustained compression under vertical load to examine their compressive behavior. Subsequently, lateral cyclic tests under large displacements were performed. Finally, a total of 1170 shake-table tests were performed in 1:2 scale, with various different isolators subjected to a large number of ground motion excitations. Results showed that the compressive strength of the spheres was substantially higher than the design load. The lateral cyclic response differs substantially from the one that a rigid body model would suggest due to the non-negligible deformability of the spheres. The rolling friction coefficient ranged between 3.7% and 7.1%. Hence, it is suitable for seismic isolation applications. The spherical concrete plates increase the restoring force of the system. When tested in a shake table under 1170 ground motions, the isolators substantially reduced the acceleration transmitted to the superstructure (to less than 0.2 g) while maintaining reasonable peak and zero residual displacements. Notably, the shake table tests were repeatable, and the isolators did not deteriorate even after subjected to 65 ground motion excitations.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shake-Table Testing of Low-Cost, High-Performance Seismic Isolators Based on Rolling Rubber Spheres

Katsamakas,

Vassiliou

2023

Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (COM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The replacement of steel shims (used in conventional steel-laminated bearings) with flexible fiber reinforcement reduced the cost and weight of the isolators, leading to the "Fiber reinforced Elastomeric Isolator (FREI)" [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. FREIs remain too stiff to isolate lightweight residential buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Experimental Investigation of Sustainable, Low-Cost Seismic Isolators Based on Rolling Rubber Spheres

Katsamakas,

Vassiliou

2023

RILEM Bookseries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study presents the results of a large-scale experimental investigation of sustainable and low-cost seismic isolators based on deformable rubber spheres rolling on concrete surfaces. A potential application of the isolators could be in low-rise masonry structures in the developing world. Parameters of investigation were the type of rolling spheres, the geometry of the concrete surfaces, and the weight that each isolator supports. Initially, the compressive response of the isolators was examined. Subsequently, lateral cyclic tests were performed. Finally, 1170 shake-table tests were performed in 1:2 scale, with various different isolators subjected to a large number of ground motion excitations. Results showed that the compressive strength of the spheres was substantially higher than the design load. The nonnegligible deformability of the spheres leads to a lateral cyclic response that is different from the one of a rigid body model. The rolling friction coefficient ranged between 3.7% and 7.1%. During the shake table tests, the isolators reduced the acceleration transmitted to the superstructure (to 0.15 g) while maintaining reasonable peak and zero residual displacements. The shake table tests were repeatable, and the isolators did not deteriorate even after subjected to 65 ground motion excitations.

show abstract

“…A similar system was explored by Banovic et al [9], who investigated numerically and experimentally at large scale the sliding of structures founded on a layer of pebbles. Several researchers have further investigated experimentally low-cost seismic isolation methods [10,11] based on the use of fiber-reinforced, unbonded elastomeric isolators. Nevertheless, the vulcanization required for the production of rubber in these bearings inhibits their use in countries where this vulcanization cannot be performed, leading to high carbon footprint values and high transportation costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Cost Hybrid Design Strategies: Large-Scale Shaking Table Tests and Challenges of Implementation

Tsiavos,

Sextos

2023

Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (COM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The complexity of design, the high transportation cost and the use of materials of high carbon footprint inhibit the sustainable implementation of response modification strategies, such as seismic isolation systems and tuned mass dampers to a large number of countries worldwide. This study presents novel, low-cost response modification strategies that are constructed based on materials, which can be easily resourced. These strategies comprise low-cost engineering measures for the protection of the superstructure from seismic damage at the design hazard level and low-cost seismic isolation techniques for the seismic protection of structures for intensities that exceed the design one. These methods are based on the inclusion of a thin layer of sand or roller bearings between two rigid and smooth surfaces in a sandwich configuration, which facilitates the sliding of the upper surface against the bottom surface at an attractively low, yet reasonably configurable, friction coefficient. The efficiency of the aforementioned response modification strategies is demonstrated based on large-scale testing performed at University of Bristol that paved the way for the design and construction of a new building.

show abstract

State of the Art of Seismic Protection Technologies for Non-Engineered Buildings (N-EBs) in Developing Regions of the World

Cited by 8 publications

References 144 publications

Shake-Table Testing of Low-Cost, High-Performance Seismic Isolators Based on Rolling Rubber Spheres

Shake-Table Testing of Low-Cost, High-Performance Seismic Isolators Based on Rolling Rubber Spheres

Large-Scale Experimental Investigation of Sustainable, Low-Cost Seismic Isolators Based on Rolling Rubber Spheres

Low-Cost Hybrid Design Strategies: Large-Scale Shaking Table Tests and Challenges of Implementation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About