State-of-the-Art of Solid-State Electrolytes on the Road Map of Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries for E-Mobility

Abstract

Solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMB) are regarded as the most promising among lithium batteries to serve the automotive industry with their lighter weight, safety, durability, higher energy density, and faster rate of charge enabling emobility. Regarding battery components, novelty in electrode materials is through improving materials from conventional lithium batteries; however, the fundamental differentiator for SSLMB is the solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). SSE development is reviewed here with three main subcategories taking the stage, viz. ceramic electrolytes, polymer electrolytes, and soft sulfur-based electrolytes, and hybrid solutions derived from the combinations above. Lithium dendritic issues remain as the major bottleneck in the development of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) although SSEs are being utilized in the cells. Based on the existing investigations, this paper presents a comprehensive review on the factors that may cause the formation and propagation of the lithium dendrites in SSEs, the lithium dendrites growth mechanisms, and approaches to mitigate the issues. Herein, the key players are also being reviewed along with their recent progresses in researching and developing a viable technology of solid-state battery (SSB) toward mass-production and commercialization into the market. Perspectives and insights for further exploration in this research area are also presented within this Review.

Environmental Aspects and Recycling of Solid-State Batteries: A Comprehensive Review

“…Solid-state lithium batteries exhibit potential to substantially enhance energy efficiency, sustainability, and safety at reduced costs relative to advanced lithium-ion batteries [146]. However, widespread adoption faces significant challenges, with current research efforts and collaborations directed toward overcoming these barriers [147].…”

Efficient and Stable Magnesium Plating/Stripping in High-Capacity Novel Mg//Ni0.6Co0.4Se2 Batteries Enabled by Interfacial Chemistry Modulation

“…There is a growing understanding that the research and development of new clean energy sources is crucial because of the increasing consumption and depletion of nonrenewable resources on earth. In the 21st century, secondary batteries are favored as one of the most mature energy storage technologies. − Among them, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are the most prominent and widely used. − Unfortunately, high-energy-density Li metal batteries suffer from the issue of lithium dendrites that will pierce the diaphragm, triggering the short-circuiting or even an explosion of the battery. The issue has grown to be a significant barrier to the continued advancement of Li batteries. − Magnesium metal is regarded as an ideal anode material for multivalent batteries because of its various intrinsic ascendancy: abundant reserves, low cost, high volumetric capacity (Mg 3833 mAh cm –3 vs Li 2062 mAh cm –3 ), and high security due to rare dendritic deposition. − Therefore, rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) are considered as a new generation of energy products to assist or replace the LIBs.…”

Exploring Cobalt Phosphide Nanoparticles Sheathed within N-Rich Carbon Polyhedra as High-Capacity Anode for All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…Newspaper reports on LIBs catching fire or exploding during charging create major concerns about application safety. To surpass conventional LIB capabilities and overcome their shortcomings, all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) have emerged as a suitable alternative that has the potential to fulfill the requirements of a high-performance and safe energy storage system (ESS) for electrified transport. , In ASSLIBs, liquid electrolytes are entirely replaced with solid electrolytes (SE) with superior electrochemical and thermal stability. , Moreover, SEs offer additional benefits like preventing the solid-electrolyte-interface (SEI) layer formation, suppressing dendrite formation, and providing superior energy density …”