Abstract:Wireless technology, especially Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET), is developing rapidly. VANET is an emerging technology that assists intelligent transportation systems by improving traffic services and helping in minimizing road accidents. Data sharing in VANETs is time-critical, necessitating the formation of fast and robust network connections. Due to the highly dynamic nature of VANET, providing reliable, consistent, and seamless communication is a significant challenge. In the last decade, various routing… Show more
“…Figure 10 a,b illustrates the initial and latter segments of the horizontal routing signal. The cyan and blue segments represent unobstructed signal flow in the two horizontal road sections, while the pink and yellow segments depict signal flow in the first half of the horizontal section 25 . Figure 10 ( a ) First half horizontal routing signal.…”
In recent years Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has been growing interest in the development of vehicular communication technology. The traffic in India shows considerable fluctuations owing to the static and dynamic characteristics of road vehicles in VANET (Vehicular Adhoc Network). These vehicles take up a convenient side lane position on the road, disregarding lane discipline. They utilize the opposing lane to overtake slower-moving vehicles, even when there are oncoming vehicles approaching. The primary objective of this study is to minimize injuries resulting from vehicle interactions in mixed traffic conditions on undivided roads. This is achieved through the implementation of the Modified Manhattan grid topology, which primarily serves to guide drivers in the correct path when navigating undivided roads. Furthermore, the Fuzzy C-Means algorithm (FCM) is applied to detect potential jamming attackers, while the Modified Fisheye State Routing (MFSR) Algorithm is employed to minimize the amount of information exchanged among vehicles. Subsequently, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is developed to enhance the accuracy of determining the coordinates of jamming attackers within individual clusters. The effectiveness of the outcomes is affirmed through the utilization of the Fuzzy C-Means algorithm, showcasing a notable 30% reduction in the number of attackers, along with the attainment of a 70% accuracy rate in this research endeavor.
“…Figure 10 a,b illustrates the initial and latter segments of the horizontal routing signal. The cyan and blue segments represent unobstructed signal flow in the two horizontal road sections, while the pink and yellow segments depict signal flow in the first half of the horizontal section 25 . Figure 10 ( a ) First half horizontal routing signal.…”
In recent years Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has been growing interest in the development of vehicular communication technology. The traffic in India shows considerable fluctuations owing to the static and dynamic characteristics of road vehicles in VANET (Vehicular Adhoc Network). These vehicles take up a convenient side lane position on the road, disregarding lane discipline. They utilize the opposing lane to overtake slower-moving vehicles, even when there are oncoming vehicles approaching. The primary objective of this study is to minimize injuries resulting from vehicle interactions in mixed traffic conditions on undivided roads. This is achieved through the implementation of the Modified Manhattan grid topology, which primarily serves to guide drivers in the correct path when navigating undivided roads. Furthermore, the Fuzzy C-Means algorithm (FCM) is applied to detect potential jamming attackers, while the Modified Fisheye State Routing (MFSR) Algorithm is employed to minimize the amount of information exchanged among vehicles. Subsequently, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is developed to enhance the accuracy of determining the coordinates of jamming attackers within individual clusters. The effectiveness of the outcomes is affirmed through the utilization of the Fuzzy C-Means algorithm, showcasing a notable 30% reduction in the number of attackers, along with the attainment of a 70% accuracy rate in this research endeavor.
“…Routing is very critical and essential in VANET (Table 2) for vehicles to communicate with one another and RSUs. Establishing and maintaining routes between V2V, V2I, and V2X for data collection and information transmission requires VANET routing protocols that are distinct from MANET protocols (Rahnama et al, 2016;Rao et al, 2022;Bharti et al, 2022). Figure 2 depicts the classification of protocols used by VANET for routing information and (Fig.…”
The vehicle manufacturing hub has evolved over the last decade with the emergence of self-driving vehicles and human-driven vehicles that use the concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a subset of Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) that allows vehicles to communicate with one another and the Road Side Unit (RSU). VANET has been a game changer with features such as accident prevention, real-time traffic, route predictions, discovering an alternate route, alert notifications, safety, and security. VANET systems are distinguished by their ability to transmit critical safety information in real-time, even when the network's topology is constantly changing. With the lifesaving features of VANET comes a disadvantage that can risk the drivers' security and privacy through various attacks on the network. Intruders can steal data, drop data packets and modify, insert, or delete data when it is transmitted between vehicles. To address the mentioned data communication issues as well as various attacks in the VANET network, the authors propose an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) Rushing Attack Intrusion Detection (RAID), a novel framework that performs the detection of rushing attacks in vehicular networks. According to the performance analysis, the proposed framework RAID meets a wide range of security requirements while requiring less communication and storage. The study's findings were found to be more efficient.
“…Generally, a significant feature of the VANET is the rapid topology changes due to high vehicle mobility, which makes the routing process challenging. Touting protocols inherited from the MANET networks, such as DSR, OLSR, and AODV, showed poor performance in VANET [3]. The problem with these protocols is the broken link due to topology changes that cause routing instability.…”
The Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is an ad-hoc wireless network that allows moving or stationary vehicles to communicate with each other and with the roadside to facilitate various applications, including safety, collision avoidance, and traffic monitoring. The routing protocols provide vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside communication for the VANET. However, due to the rapid mobility of the vehicles in the network, these protocols suffer from broken links, which leads to unreachable transmission. This paper proposes a new routing protocol based on the ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol to locate the optimal routing of packets in moving vehicles by constructing alternative stable paths with the roadside unit. In the case of broken links, alternative paths can be used for message transmission, reducing packet discarding. The proposed protocol was simulated, and the results were compared with the original AODV. According to the obtained results, the proposed protocol improves the performance of the AODV in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay, and delivery ratio. Povzetek: Predlagana je nova metoda oz. protokol za Vanet, omrežje za vozila. Primerjava pokaže izboljšave glede na AODV.
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