Statement and Self-Management Analysis in Mountain Minorities Southeast Chinese Elderly with Chronic Pain

Abstract

Chronic pain (CP) is a very common problem in elders, due to bodily degenerations, worldwide. Studies carried out in various countries have shown that CP is associated with the elders' quality of life, significantly limiting their activities and hampering them to maintain an independence lifestyle. What's worse, elderly suffering from CP mostly also experience mental problems. Yet, there have been only a few such research done and reported on this topic, concerning the elderly ethnic montagnards in the rural southwest Guangxi of China. This study aimed to explore the statement and self-management of rural dwelling elders with CP. First, cross-sectional surveys were conducted and then interviews were carried out. 150 elder people experiencing CP-pain suffered at least 4 to 5 days a week during the past 3 months, according to the criteria of the international Association for the study of Pain (IASP)-were enrolled in this study by convenience sampling. They were asked to fill in 3 questionnaires; the first related to participants' mental status, the second related to participants' perception of pain intensity, and the third related to pain's impact on participants' daily life. Following the completion of questionnaires, individual interviews were conducted, with the help of some students who are fluent in local native languages as well as in Chinese. The results show that CP significantly affected participants' quality of life. The prevalence of suffering from multifocal CP was 90%. In the management of CP, 64% people mainly relied on paregoric means; a wide range self-management techniques were mentioned such as hot compress application for which some plant material was used, collected from the surrounding environment; only a few people went to seek professional treatment. Moreover, most of them said that they had reconciled to the pain or consider it as part of their fate. Encourage older people to seek different ways to manage their pain, not just traditional but complementary and professional approaches. In such severely lacking professional high-level medical resource environment, the elder people should change their cognition of CP and choose pertinence approaches and instruments based on their own condition.