States of preservation of bones from prehistoric sites in the Near East: A survey

Weiner, Stephen; Bar‐Yosef, Ofer

doi:10.1016/0305-4403(90)90058-d

Cited by 494 publications

(350 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This was also confirmed by recording the ATR spectra of physical mixtures of HA and chitosan containing from 1% to 30% of chitosan; in all cases the characteristic peaks of chitosan were not visible (data not shown). The crystallinity index calculated from the infrared data, using a method previously described [21,22] (Table 3), showed that the control HA and the HA prepared in the presence of CNTs had similar crystallinity to fresh bone and enamel, as reported by Reyes-Gasga et al [23]; however, the presence of only polymer induced a decrease in the crystallinity index. XRD patterns of the composites (Figs.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterisation Of Ha Compositessupporting

confidence: 64%

Synthesis of carbon nanotubes loaded hydroxyapatite: Potential for controlled drug release from bone implants

et al. 2016

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can support the building of flexible and porous scaffolds for bone regeneration. Various studies have looked at the mixing of CNTs with hydroxyapaptite for the formulation of bone implants. In the present work, we report the one step preparation and characterisation of chitosan/hydroxyapatite/CNTs composite materials obtained by wet precipitation of hydroxyapatite (HA) in the presence of chitosan or its amphiphilic derivative N-octyl-O-sulphate chitosan and CNTs. The in situ precipitation of HA assured inclusion of the polysaccharide and the CNTs in the HA structure and provided materials with the ability to control the release of different model drugs.

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Section: Synthesis and Characterisation Of Ha Compositessupporting

confidence: 64%

Synthesis of carbon nanotubes loaded hydroxyapatite: Potential for controlled drug release from bone implants

et al. 2016

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“…Peak heights at wavenumber 565, 603, 1030, 1035, 1415 and 1640 cm − 1 were used for the calculation of the Infrared Splitting Factor (IRSF), relative carbonate content (C/P) and relative collagen content (Am/P). The sum of the absorbance values of the two phosphate peaks at wavenumbers 565 (ν4 PO 4 ) and 603 cm −1 (ν4 PO 4 ) was then divided by the height of the valley between them to obtain the IRSF value, following the protocol described by Weiner and Bar-Yosef (1990). Relative carbonate content was measured by the peak heights at wavenumbers 1035 (ν3 PO 4 ) and 1415 cm − 1 (ν3 CO 3 ) (Wright and Schwarcz, 1996).…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotope and multi-analytical investigation of Monte da Cegonha: A Late Antiquity population in southern Portugal

Saragoça

Maurer

Šoberl

et al. 2016

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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This study presents for the first time the diet of a Late Antiquity population in southern Portugal (Civitas of Pax Julia), from the Roman villa of Monte da Cegonha (predominantly 7th century CE). Stable isotope analysis (δ 13 C, δ 15 N, δ 18 O, 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) of human and faunal bone collagen and apatite was conducted in order to understand the influence of Roman subsistence strategies on the way of life of rural inhabitants of the area of Pax Julia and to explore their diet (types of ingested plants, amount of animal resources, terrestrial versus marine resources). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses were used to determine the degree of bone diagenesis and assess the reliability of the bone stable isotopic composition for palaeodietary reconstruction. Anthropological analysis revealed a cariogenic diet, rich in starchy food and carbohydrates, in at least in two individuals based on the frequency of dental caries. Collagen and apatite carbon isotopic analysis suggested that C 3 plants were the basis of the population's diet, complemented with some terrestrial meat and its byproducts as reflected by the observed bone collagen nitrogen isotopic composition. Moreover, whilst the fairly low apatite-collagen spacing recorded in some skeletons (at around 4‰) may have been due to freshwater organisms intake, the relatively low nitrogen values observed indicate that this consumption did not occur very often, unless in the form of fresh fish of low trophic level or fish sauces. There were no significant differences in isotopic values depending on gender or burial type. Strontium and oxygen isotopic composition of bone apatite revealed a sedentary community, with the exception of a male individual who probably did not spend his childhood in Monte da Cegonha.

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“…We find that, provided the total extractable "collagen" is at least 10 mg g"1 of bone (i.e.,10% of the level found in modern bone), the amino-acid composition of such material is usually within 10-20% of that expected for collagen. Thus, whereas a collagenous composition can be expected from most bones in which at least 5% of the original protein appears to have survived, the situation is more confused for bones with worse organic preservation (Weiner & Bar-Yosef 1990;Stafford et al 1991). In such cases, non-collagenous amino-acid compositions may indicate indigenous non-collagenous protein surviving better than collagen, or exogenous proteinaceous material, or both.…”

Section: Sample Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Current Approaches in the Pretreatment of Bone for Radiocarbon Dating by AMS

1992

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ABSTRACT. Although the reliability of 14C dates of bone has increased greatly since AMS methods permitted better pretreatment on smaller samples, most old, badly contaminated or severely weathered bone still give serious problems. Several groups have recently proposed improvements to sample purification methods, often supported by a number of 14C measurements. We present here an overview of these improvements. The issue is complicated by the following:1. Different problems are presented depending on age, preservation and degree of contamination of bone. 2. Methods may or may not be developed with routine application in mind. 3. Determining the conditions for which any method can be regarded as reliable is not at all straightforward.

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States of preservation of bones from prehistoric sites in the Near East: A survey

Cited by 494 publications

References 18 publications

Synthesis of carbon nanotubes loaded hydroxyapatite: Potential for controlled drug release from bone implants

Synthesis of carbon nanotubes loaded hydroxyapatite: Potential for controlled drug release from bone implants

Stable isotope and multi-analytical investigation of Monte da Cegonha: A Late Antiquity population in southern Portugal

A Review of Current Approaches in the Pretreatment of Bone for Radiocarbon Dating by AMS

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