Statin therapy and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction after acute coronary syndrome: Insights from the United Arab Emirates

Abstract

Background and Aims: Attaining guideline-recommended low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals (<70 mg/dl or ≥ 50% reduction) with statin therapy remains suboptimal after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aimed to assess the level of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) utilization and achievement of LDL-C targets after ACS hospitalization in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: A retrospective, observational, longitudinal database analysis of Emirati patients with ACS or stable coronary heart disease was evaluated from January 2015 to June 2018. Patients were divided based on whether or not they were treated with LLT at index hospitalization with ACS. LDL-C target level achievement was assessed according to the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society guidelines. Results: A total of 3,066 patients (mean age 65.5 ± 14 years) met the inclusion criteria. Overall, 58.1% ( n = 1782) of the patients in the cohort were on LLT during the ACS hospitalization. At discharge, the mean LDL-C level was 84.8 ± 39.0 mg/dl, and 28%, 21%, and 9% received high-, moderate-, and low-intensity statins, respectively. At 6 months ( n = 2046; 66.7%), 27.7% and 16.7% achieved an LDL-C of <70 mg/dl and 70–100 mg/dl, respectively. The highest level of LDL-C reduction by 50% within 6 months was observed among patients using moderate-intensity statin (37.2%). Conclusion: A large proportion of Emirati patients were not on LLT after ACS, and the rate of LDL-C target value attainment was extremely poor (27.7%). Optimal statin utilization by closely implementing the guidelines in the UAE is recommended.