Statin uses and mortality in colorectal cancer patients: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis

Li, Yue; He, Xingkang; Ding, Yuanyuan; Chen, Hongyang; Sun, Limei

doi:10.1002/cam4.2151

Cited by 55 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia are two metabolic alterations of obesity, which suggest therapeutic options for obesity comorbidities with glucose or lipid targeting. Evidence indicates that statins, metformin, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors slow tumor growth and reverse the obesity-driven aggressiveness of cancer [1,2,4,5]. Additionally, platelet numbers, platelet activation, and platelet-derived microparticles are positively associated with obese individuals [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspirin Mitigated Tumor Growth in Obese Mice Involving Metabolic Inhibition

Wang

Chen

et al. 2020

Cells

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Obesity is associated with a wide range of chronic diseases, including cancer. It has been noted that the integration of metabolic mechanisms in obese patients may predispose them to suffer from cancer incidence and its progression. Thus, a better understanding of metabolic alterations in obesity, along with the development of feasible therapeutic approaches for intervention, are theoretically relevant to the prevention and treatment of cancer malignancy. Using a syngeneic tumor model involving Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) cells and C57BL/6 mice fed with a high fat diet, obesity was found to be associated with dysregulated glucose and glutamine metabolism, inflammation, along with platelet activation and the promotion of tumor growth. Tumor-bearing lowered glucose levels while moderately increasing inflammation, platelet activation, and glutamine levels. The antiplatelet drug aspirin, mitigated tumor growth in obese mice, paralleled by a decrease in systemic glucose, insulin, inflammation, platelet activation, glutamine and tumor expression of cell proliferation, aerobic glycolysis, glutaminolysis, platelets, and leukocyte molecules. The anti- and pro-cell proliferation, aerobic glycolysis, and glutaminolysis effects of aspirin and glutamine were further demonstrated in a LLC cell study. Although there remains limitations to our experiments, glucose and glutamine metabolism are proposed targets for the anticancer effects of aspirin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspirin Mitigated Tumor Growth in Obese Mice Involving Metabolic Inhibition

Wang

Chen

et al. 2020

Cells

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“…Similarly, an advantage in terms of all-cause mortality (ACM) was observed for post-diagnosis statin use (pooled HR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.76–0.98). However, when patients were stratified by K-RAS mutational status, no difference in ACM was reported [ 109 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Albeit these results are promising, it is worth noting that the effects reported in some of these studies might reflect incomplete control for stage at diagnosis and other confounding factors associated with statin use [ 110 ]. The observed associations were weak in magnitude and, especially in post-diagnosis studies, statistical heterogeneity was high [ 109 ]. In addition, the few randomized prospective trials in which statins were added to standard chemotherapy were negative [ 111 , 112 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Polypharmacy for Chronic Ailments in Colon Cancer Patients: A Review Focused on Drug Repurposing

Cantini

Giglio

Bittoni

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Colorectal cancer is characterized by high incidence worldwide. Despite increased awareness and early diagnosis thanks to screening programmes, mortality remains high, particularly for patients with metastatic involvement. Immune checkpoint inhibitors or poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-inhibitors have met with disappointing results when used in this setting, opposed to other malignancies. New drugs with different mechanisms of action are needed in this disease. Drug repurposing might offer new therapeutic options, as patients with metastatic colorectal cancer often share risk factors for other chronic diseases and thus frequently are on incidental therapy with these drugs. The aim of this review is to summarise the published results of the activity of drugs used to treat chronic medications in patients affected by colorectal cancer. We focused on antihypertensive drugs, Non-Steroid Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), metformin, antidepressants, statins and antibacterial antibiotics. Our review shows that there are promising results with beta blockers, statins and metformin, whereas data concerning antidepressants and antibacterial antibiotics seem to show a potentially harmful effect. It is hoped that further prospective trials that take into account the role of these drugs as anticancer medications are conducted.

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“…and other natural statins including mevastatin (30), lovastatin (31), and pravastatin (32) displayed TNF-induced apoptosis through the downregulation of NF-κB mediated antiapoptotic gene products [75]. The anti-cancer activity of statins was also investigated in animal studies, in which statins were effective in reducing the incidence and growth of tumors [76].…”

Section: Figure 3 Chemical Structures Of Drugs Repurposed For Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

A medicinal chemistry perspective of drug repositioning: Recent advances and challenges in drug discovery

Pillaiyar

Meenakshisundaram²,

Manickam

et al. 2020

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

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Drug repurposing is a strategy consisting of finding new indications for already known marketed drugs used in various clinical settings or highly characterized compounds despite they can be failed drugs. Recently, it emerges as an alternative approach for the rapid identification and development of new pharmaceuticals for various rare and complex diseases for which lack the effective drug treatments. The success rate of drugs repurposing approach accounts for approximately 30% of new FDA approved drugs and vaccines in recent years.This review focuses on the status of drugs repurposing approach for various diseases including skin diseases, infective, inflammatory, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases.Efforts have been made to provide structural features and mode of actions of drugs.Keywords: Cancer, drug repositioning, drug reprofiling, recycling of drugs, drug discovery, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, skin diseases. since clinical and pre-clinical studies of the re-purposed candidates are already being documented in the original indication(s). Thus, it reduces the time and cost needed to reach the market and risk intrinsic to any research and development program. Moreover, the risk of clinical failure is also low. As an added advantage, this approach gives a possibility to widen the market and to prolong the application of the patent life of a drug. There are mainly two ways to proceed drug-repositioning approach such as experimental strategies and computational strategies.Experimental repurposing strategies include binding assays and phenotypic screening methods, which can be to find binding interactions of drug molecules to assay components and to identify lead compounds from a vide range of compound libraries, respectively [10].Computational approaches are categorized into target-/mechanism based, knowledge-based, pathway-and network-based approaches. These approaches are proven economic in discovering novel therapeutic ligands. Most notably, computational methods augment the drug discovery process by effectively utilizing cheminformatics, bioinformatics, network biology and systems biology. More specifically, these methods exploit known targets, drugs, disease biomarkers or pathways to establish novel methods and accelerate the planning of crucial clinical trials [11].In this perspective, we focused on the status of drugs repurposing approaches for various diseases including skin diseases, infective, inflammatory, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Efforts have been made to provide structural features, and modes of action of drugs, which are exclusively small molecules, peptidomimetics, and macrocyclic compounds.Antibodies, vaccines, and any other biological drugs are not discussed. Drugs repositioning for skin whitening activity.Melanin is a collection of natural pigments that primarily determine the skin, hair and hair color of the human. Melanocytes, which are found in the basal layer of the epidermis, produce melanin by the process called melanogenesis upon the skin exposure to the ultra...

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Statin uses and mortality in colorectal cancer patients: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis

Cited by 55 publications

References 45 publications

Aspirin Mitigated Tumor Growth in Obese Mice Involving Metabolic Inhibition

Aspirin Mitigated Tumor Growth in Obese Mice Involving Metabolic Inhibition

Impact of Polypharmacy for Chronic Ailments in Colon Cancer Patients: A Review Focused on Drug Repurposing

A medicinal chemistry perspective of drug repositioning: Recent advances and challenges in drug discovery

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