Statins Aggravate the Risk of Insulin Resistance in Human Muscle

Grunwald, S; Haafke, Stefanie; Grieben, Ulrike; Kassner, Ursula; Steinhagen‐Thiessen, Elisabeth; Spuler, Simone

doi:10.3390/ijms23042398

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In the absence of insulin, the conversion of Hcy to its precursor amino acid is reduced [ 31 , 32 ]. The decrease in insulin level in DPN patients leads to the increase of Hcy [ 33 , 34 ]. Whether early intervention to reduce Hcy levels in NDPN can delay the progression of DPN remains to be studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Retrospective Study on the Time in Range of Blood Glucose and Type 2 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Chang

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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Background. Time in range (TIR) is one of the basic indicators to assess glycemic control. In this study, the TIR of DPN patients was used as the observation index to further evaluate the correlation between TIR and DPN, so as to provide new ideas for preventing the occurrence of DPN and delaying its disease progression. Methods. A total of 120 patients with T2DM (T2DM) who were hospitalized in the Endocrinology Department of our hospital from October 2018 to February 2020 were included and divided into two groups according to whether the nerve conduction velocity was normal or not, the diabetic peripheral neuropathy group (DPN) and the other groups. No diabetic peripheral neuropathy group (NDPN). According to the corresponding inclusion and exclusion criteria, the baseline data were recorded, and test indicators such as homocysteine and blood lipids were collected at the same time, and TIR was collected by a transient blood glucose meter. To explore the relationship between TIR and other indicators and peripheral neuropathy in T2DM. Results. A total of 120 T2DM patients participated in the study, including 82 in the DPN group and 38 in the NDPN group. There were no statistically significant differences in basic indicators such as age, height, and weight between the two groups. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and homocysteine (Hcy) in DPN group were higher than those in NDPN group, while TIR and HDL-C were lower than those in NDPN group ( P < 0.05 ). Logistic regression analysis showed that HbA1c and Hcy were risk factors for DPN, and TIR and HDL-C were protective factors for DPN, with statistical significance ( P < 0.05 ). The prediction results of TIR, Hcy, HDL-C, and HbA1c on diabetic peripheral neuropathy were analyzed by ROC curve, and the prediction results of the five variables were all statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) and have a better prediction effect. Conclusion. (1) The results of TIR level suggest that the longer the blood sugar is in the good control range, the more beneficial it is to reduce the occurrence of DPN. (2) TIR and HDL-C are protective factors for DPN, and HbA1c and Hcy are risk factors for DPN. (3) The results of ROC curve analysis showed that TIR, Hcy, HbA1c, and HDL-C had a good predictive effect on the occurrence of DPN.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the absence of insulin, the conversion of Hcy to its precursor amino acid is reduced [31,32]. The decrease in insulin level in DPN patients leads to the increase of Hcy [33,34] progression of DPN remains to be studied. Due to the small sample size of this study, the correlation analysis between Hcy levels and TIR was not performed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Study on the Time in Range of Blood Glucose and Type 2 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Chang

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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“…Studies performed so far have not provided an unequivocal cause of worsened glucose metabolism. Some have suggested reduced insulin sensitivity (Grunwald et al, 2022), others reduced insulin level (Takei et al, 2020). In our study we explored the direct in vitro impact of atorvastatin on insulin expression, and showed that atorvastatin at both low and high concentration can attenuate insulin expression at protein level in human pancreatic islets beta cells subjected to atorvastatin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Exenatide prevents statin-related LDL receptor increase and improves insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells (1.1E7) in a protein kinase A-dependent manner

Bułdak¹,

Machnik²,

Skudrzyk³

et al. 2022

J Appl Biomed

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Statins are primary drugs in the treatment of hyperlipidemias. This group of drugs is known for its beneficial pleiotropic effects (e.g., reduction of inflammatory state). However, a growing body of evidence suggests its diabetogenic properties. The culpable mechanism is not completely understood and might be related to the damage to pancreatic beta cells. Therefore, we conceived an in vitro study to explore the impact of atorvastatin on pancreatic islet beta cells line (1.1.E7). We evaluated the influence on viability, insulin, lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) expression. A significant drop in mRNA for proinsulin and insulin expression was noted. Concurrently, a rise in LDL receptor at the protein level in cells exposed to atorvastatin was noted. Further experiments have shown that exenatide -belonging to glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogs that are used in a treatment of diabetes and known for its weight reducing properties -can alleviate the observed alterations. In this case, the mechanism of action of exenatide was dependent on a protein kinase A pathway. In conclusion, our results support the hypothesis that statin may have diabetogenic properties, which according to our study is related to reduced insulin expression. The concomitant use of GLP-1 receptor agonist seemed to successfully revert insulin expression.

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“…Studies have suggested that statins can increase insulin resistance while reducing insulin sensitivity and secretion from pancreatic β -cells 7, 8 . A recent molecular study using skeletal muscle tissues from patients receiving statins demonstrated that statins aggravated the risk of insulin resistance in the muscle tissues 9 . Globally, many studies investigating the effects of statin therapy on the development of NOD2 have been conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statin-associated new-onset diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance: a 30-year bibliometric study (1992-2022)

Kamisah,

Nordin,

Harafinova

et al. 2023

Biomed. Res. Ther.

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Statins are widely used lipid-lowering drugs that are relatively well-tolerated and have an established safety profile. However, statin therapy has been reported to increase the risk of developing new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (NOD2). Although this side effect is rare, research on this topic is still ongoing. This bibliometric study was performed to provide an overview of the dynamics of research on statin-associated NOD2 and insulin resistance from the initial report to the year 2022. Original articles related to statin-associated NOD2 and insulin resistance were selected and retrieved from the Web of Science database. A quantitative analysis of publication trends, the contributions of different countries and funding agencies, and the most highly cited articles were then tabulated. The citation networks and the co-occurrence analysis of keywords of the included articles were illustrated with VOSviewer. A total of 271 research articles were included and analysed. The years 2012 to 2016 were prolific in research on statin-associated NOD2 and insulin resistance, followed by a decreasing trend in publications on this topic in many countries, particularly from 2020 to 2021. However, researchers from South Korea and China seem to have had a continued interest in this research area and the trend in publications increased again in 2022. Based on this trend, it is predicted that the number of pertinent articles in the coming years will be maintained or will continue to rise. The co-occurrence analysis of keywords showed that ``atorvastatin'' occurred more often than other statins. Among the thematic areas of research on statin-associated NOD2 and insulin resistance that were identified in this study were ``heterogeneity'' , ``peripheral glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity'' , ``tissue inflammation and oxidative stress'' and ``targeted tissues'' . This is the first bibliometric study to predict the trends and provide an overview of the progress of research on statin-associated NOD2 and insulin resistance.

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Statins Aggravate the Risk of Insulin Resistance in Human Muscle

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

A Retrospective Study on the Time in Range of Blood Glucose and Type 2 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

A Retrospective Study on the Time in Range of Blood Glucose and Type 2 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Exenatide prevents statin-related LDL receptor increase and improves insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells (1.1E7) in a protein kinase A-dependent manner

Statin-associated new-onset diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance: a 30-year bibliometric study (1992-2022)

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