Stationary and moving bright solitons in Bose–Einstein condensates with spin–orbit coupling in a Zeeman field

Abstract

We explore the existence and stability domains of stationary and moving bright solitons in spin–orbit-coupled spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates in an external Zeeman field. Two families of bell-shape bright solitons (plane-wave (PW) phases) and two families of stripe-shape bright solitons (standing-wave (SW) phases) are obtained. We find a relation between the existence of these bright solitons and the single-particle energy spectrum, as well as the requirements of their existence for atomic interactions. The stability of four families of bright solitons is systematically analyzed using the linear stability analysis method. For two families of PW bright solitons, they are unstable only when the strength of the Zeeman field is above a critical value. The critical value is affected by the spin–orbit coupling and hardly affected by atomic interactions. When the velocities of solitons are zero (nonzero), the critical values of these two families are equal (unequal). For two families of SW bright solitons, their stability domains are identical in the absence of the Zeeman field, and they are unstable when the ferromagnetic interaction is strong. In the presence of the Zeeman field, their stability domains are complementary and complex, and one family of SW bright solitons can exist stably in the area with stronger ferromagnetic interaction. Furthermore, we find the collisions of stable bright solitons with different velocities can generate intriguing dynamics.

Nondegenerate Soliton Solutions of (2+1)-Dimensional Multi-Component Maccari System

“…As one of the three major theories of nonlinear science, solitons often appear in various fields of physics. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Among them, nondegenerate soliton is one of the research hotspots in the field of nonlinear physics in recent years, and some meaningful works have been carried out. For instance, researchers used the bilinear method to study a Manakov system, a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system, and a long-wave-short-wave resonance interaction system, and then obtained the nondegenerate soliton solutions of these systems.…”