Statistic Properties of Electron Energy Enhancement During the Inner Electron Diffusion Region Crossing

Abstract

High-energy plasma is widely spread in interplanetary space. The production of this plasma is associated with solar activities and other physical phenomena. It is believed that magnetic reconnection is one of the crucial mechanisms that manage energy release and plasma energization. Many physical structures or processes are found to participate in the energy conversion between particles and fields during the reconnection, such as the electron diffusion region (EDR) (e.g.,

Crater Structure Behind Reconnection Front

“…On account of these processes, the electron energy is converted into the magnetic field, continuously propelling the RF formation. On the other hand, the speed of electron outflow gradually increases during the reconnection evolution through the inner EDR acceleration (Figures 3g and 3h), where the reconnection electric field plays the dominant role in this process (e.g., Xiong et al., 2022c). At the later phase (Figure 3j), these high‐speed electron jets constantly strike the RF in the outflow region, where they flush the RF anterior section to be flatted and extended.…”

“…We also carry out 2.5-D PIC simulations where the code has been used in previous studies (Huang et al, 2014(Huang et al, , 2015aXiong et al, 2022aXiong et al, , 2022bXiong et al, , 2022cXiong et al, , 2023Zhou et al, 2012Zhou et al, , 2014. The mass ratio of ion and electron is m i / m e = 100 for the limited computational resource, the initial temperature ratio is T i /T e = 5, and the ratio between the electron frequency and the gyro-frequency ratio is ω pe /ω ce = 3.…”

A Scheme of Full Kinetic Particle-in-cell Algorithms for GPU Acceleration Using CUDA Fortran Programming

“…Figure 4 displays the iteration results of magnetic reconnection obtained by CPU and GPU computing, respectively. The reconnection model is configured under double Harris current sheets with localized perturbation (e.g., Zhou et al 2012;Huang et al 2014Huang et al , 2015Xiong et al 2022aXiong et al , 2022bXiong et al , 2022c. Some basic physical parameters are listed below: the ion inertial length (d i ) is 40 grids, and the mass ratio between ions and electrons (m i /m e ) is fixed at 25; the temperature ratio between ions and electrons (T i /T e ) is 5, and the frequency ratio of electrons (ω pe /ω ce ) is 3; the simulation domain size is 800 × 1200 grids, and there are 100 pairs of ions and electrons in each cell, which means that 0.96 × 10 8 particles participate in the reconnection.…”

Electron Backflow Motions in the Outer Electron Diffusion Region During Magnetic Reconnection

“…The PIC simulation is performed using Harris current sheet equilibrium under zero guide field configuration (e.g., Huang et al, 2014Huang et al, , 2015Xiong et al, 2022aXiong et al, , 2022bXiong et al, , 2022cZhou et al, 2012). The simulation domain size is 1,200 × 1,800 cells, and 200 pairs of ions and electrons are deposited in each cell.…”

“…The plasma frequency and gyrofrequency ratio of electron (ω pe /ω ce ) is 3. The normalized units and the methodology of electron trajectory analysis are detailed illustrated in Xiong et al (2022a).…”