Statistical and Nonstatistical Considerations in Quantifying Pollutant-Induced Changes in Microcosms

Sheehan, P. J.

doi:10.1520/stp16788s

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…For example, the standardized aquatic microcosm (Taub, 1988) measured about 25 variables in 24 microcosms for 15 observations, totaling about 9000 data points. A number of different multi-and uni-variate techniques were evaluated for comparing treatment groups within an experiment and between repeated experiments (Conquest and Taub, 1989) and with other microcosms (Sheehan, 1989). While these statistical treatments did identify some usable and informative approaches, a consistent finding was that there was no single reportable endpoint that captured the entirety of the observations.…”

Section: Advanced Techniques Of Data Analysis Will Force Changes In Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory use of ecotoxicity statistics: a US perspective

Harrass¹

1996

Ecotoxicology

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: A variety of regulatory requirements for ecotoxicity test data exist in the US and each of these is able to specify what test protocols and endpoints are used. General practice is to calculate regression curve endpoints, usually EC50 values, for acute tests, and hypothesis test endpoints (e.g. NOEC, LOEC) for chronic studies. However, tests of wastewater effluents often use a hypothesis test endpoint which has been derived using site-specific information to represent a pass-fail standard for compliance. Field work, such as site assessments, tends to use hypothesis tests, but such work does not seek the doseresponse curve sought in standard laboratory tests. The risk-based approaches being developed use cither type of endpoint, but this seems to be an accommodation to existing data; preference is for dose-response curves, not just a single ECx value. Endpoints are only one component of the conventional paradigm of environmental protection. Experience with various tests and endpoints suggest several perspectives: quality is critical, test species must be reliable and relevant, extrapolations will dominate decisions, and basing environmental decisions on the most sensitive endpoint of the most sensitive species may not remain a feasible paradigm for protecting ecological systems.

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Section: Advanced Techniques Of Data Analysis Will Force Changes In Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory use of ecotoxicity statistics: a US perspective

Harrass¹

1996

Ecotoxicology

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show abstract

“…These systems allow the study of effects of chemical perturbations on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Through the incorporation of replication in experimental design, microcosms provide data which can be analyzed statistically to determine significant changes in ecological structure or function (Sheehan, 1989). Microcosms and mesocosms have been most widely implemented under regulatory programs like TOSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act), where new chemicals are being evaluated (Cairns, 1979).…”

Section: Microcosmsmentioning

confidence: 99%