Statistical Aspects of Radar Polarimetry

Lüneburg, E.; Boerner, W.-M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-07221-9_5

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…2), which is called the "backscatter alignment" (BSA) convention (Lüneburg and Boerner, 2004, Lee and Pottier, 2009, Sect. 3.1.3, or Cloude, 2010.…”

Section: Sign Of Cpd In Backscatter Alignment Conventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisotropy of seasonal snow measured by polarimetric phase differences in radar time series

Leinß

Löwe²,

Proksch³

et al. 2016

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. The snow microstructure, i.e., the spatial distribution of ice and pores, generally shows an anisotropy which is driven by gravity and temperature gradients and commonly determined from stereology or computer tomography. This structural anisotropy induces anisotropic mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties. We present a method based on radio-wave birefringence to determine the depth-averaged, dielectric anisotropy of seasonal snow with radar instruments from space, air, or ground. For known snow depth and density, the birefringence allows determination of the dielectric anisotropy by measuring the copolar phase difference (CPD) between linearly polarized microwaves propagating obliquely through the snowpack. The dielectric and structural anisotropy are linked by MaxwellGarnett-type mixing formulas. The anisotropy evolution of a natural snowpack in Northern Finland was observed over four winters (2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013) with the ground-based radar instrument "SnowScat". The radar measurements indicate horizontal structures for fresh snow and vertical structures in old snow which is confirmed by computer tomographic in situ measurements. The temporal evolution of the CPD agreed in ground-based data compared to space-borne measurements from the satellite TerraSAR-X. The presented dataset provides a valuable basis for the development of new snow metamorphism models which include the anisotropy of the snow microstructure.

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“…2), which is called the "backscatter alignment" (BSA) convention (Lüneburg and Boerner, 2004, Lee and Pottier, 2009, Sect. 3.1.3, or Cloude, 2010.…”

Section: Sign Of Cpd In Backscatter Alignment Conventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisotropy of seasonal snow measured by polarimetric phase differences in radar time series

Leinß

Löwe²,

Proksch³

et al. 2016

The Cryosphere

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“…This is nowadays called a unitary con-similarity transformation [9] . The general unitary basis transformation matrix can be written as [3] * 1…”

Section: Con-similarity Transformation and Eigen-polarizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on target characteristic polarization state in co-polarized channel for the coherent case

Chen

Gao

Zhou

et al. 2009

Sci. China Ser. E-Technol. Sci.

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The target characteristic polarization state in the co-polarized channel for the coherent case was studied in greater detail, with emphasis on the analysis of the characteristic polarization states variable with the target parameters. The Sinclair backscatter matrix was diagonalized under the change of polarization basis via a unitary transformation matrix. Then the diagonal matrix was parameterized by four parameters viz. matrix amplitude, absolute phase, amplitude ratio and phase difference. The behavior of the characteristic polarization states with the varieties of target parameters was discussed together with the power density plot. The characteristic polarization states were displayed on the Poincare sphere and six conclusions were obtained, which provide theoretic support for decreasing the computational complexity of target characteristic polarization state, or anticipating its position in the power density plot. Several simple target cases were considered for validating these conclusions. radar polarimetry, characteristic polarization state, polarization descriptor

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“…[35]) where the antenna height vector is subjected to a different basis transformation from that of the wave state. The formal reasons for this became rather clouded by the issue of wave reversal, the backscatter alignment convention [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40] and the introduction of the consimilarity concept [26], which was only recently resolved in [25]. It can now be seen to be attributable to the fact that the field must be viewed as a covariant vector while the antenna height is a contravariant vector.…”

Section: Spinorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is the fusion of concepts from these two domains that has given rise to Geometric Polarimetry. In an earlier paper [25] we were able to clarify the status of Graves' congruential rule for basis transformation in the backscatter alignment (BSA) case against the hitherto quite widely accepted consimilarity transformation [26]. In particular we noted that the widely held notion that counterpropagating waves of the 'same' polarization state are to be considered as mutually conjugate is invalid in the wider physical context of absorbing media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Geometric Polarimetry—Part II: The Antenna Height Spinor and the Bistatic Scattering Matrix

Bebbington

Carrea

2017

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

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Abstract-This paper completes the fundamental development of the basic coherent entities in Radar Polarimetry for coherent reciprocal scattering involving polarized wave states, antenna states and scattering matrices. The concept of antenna polarization states as contravariant spinors is validated from fundamental principles in terms of Schelkunoff's reaction theorem and the Lorentz reciprocity theorem. In the general bistatic case polarization states of different wavevectors must be related by the linear scattering matrix. It is shown that the relationship can be expressed geometrically, and that each scattering matrix has a unique complex scalar invariant characterising a homographic mapping relating pairs of transmit/receive states for which the scattering amplitude vanishes. We show how the scalar invariant is related to the properties of the bistatic Huynen fork in both its conventional form and according to a new definition. Results are presented illustrating the invariant k for a range of spheroidal Rayleigh scatterers.

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Statistical Aspects of Radar Polarimetry

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Anisotropy of seasonal snow measured by polarimetric phase differences in radar time series

Anisotropy of seasonal snow measured by polarimetric phase differences in radar time series

Study on target characteristic polarization state in co-polarized channel for the coherent case

Geometric Polarimetry—Part II: The Antenna Height Spinor and the Bistatic Scattering Matrix

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