Statistical limits for entanglement swapping with semiconductor entangled photon sources

Yang, Jingzhong; Zopf, Michael; Li, Pengji; Sharma, Nand Lal; Nie, Weijie; Benthin, Frederik; Fandrich, Tom; Rugeramigabo, Eddy P.; Hopfmann, Caspar; Keil, Robert; Schmidt, Oliver G.; Ding, Fei

doi:10.1103/physrevb.105.235305

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The expensive and complex endeavor of flying a space-qualified quantum payload on a satellite, coupled to the fact that current quantum memory platforms are not yet capable of supporting the long-distance links that make satellites beneficial, poses significant challenges for space-based quantum communications; this issue currently attracts a small number of early adopters: the Micius satellite figures as the pioneer quantum satellite mission [13], but it is not the only one [14]. Therefore, the main focus remains on ground-based quantum networks [12,[15][16][17], and a shift in perspective requires both significant advances in the enabling technologies (sources of entangled photon pairs and quantum memories for light) and a clear definition of the benefits of a satellite-based link and the requirements such that these benefits can materialize [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Best-Path Approach to the Design of a Hybrid Space–Ground Quantum Network with Dynamic Constraints

Bakker,

Jong,

Dirks

et al. 2024

Photonics

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The design and operation of quantum networks are both decisive in the current push towards a global quantum internet. Although space-enabled quantum connectivity has already been identified as a beneficial candidate for long-range quantum channels for over two decades, the architecture of a hybrid space–ground network is still a work in progress. Here, we propose an analysis of such a network based on a best-path approach, where either fiber- or satellite-based elementary links can be concatenated to form a repeater chain. The network consisting of quantum information processing nodes, equipped with both ground and space connections, is mapped into a graph structure, where edge weights represent the achievable secret key rates, chosen as the figure of merit for the network analysis. A weight minimization algorithm allows for identifying the best path dynamically, i.e., as the weather conditions, stray light radiance, and satellite orbital position change. From the results, we conclude that satellite links will play a significant role in the future large-scale quantum internet, in particular when node distances exceed 500 km, and both a constellation of satellites—spanning 20 or more satellites—and significant advances in filtering technology are required to achieve continuous coverage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Best-Path Approach to the Design of a Hybrid Space–Ground Quantum Network with Dynamic Constraints

Bakker,

Jong,

Dirks

et al. 2024

Photonics

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show abstract

“…The ability to transfer entanglement through optical channels holds a great promise to achieve scalable quantum information and communications schemes, including distributed quantum computing − and quantum encryption . This paradigm appears in quantum modules, such as quantum repeaters, , and can be physically implemented by leveraging entanglement swapping (ES) between remote nodes mediated by indistinguishable photons. , Up to now, the most ES demonstrations have been realized by exploiting entangled-photon sources (EPSs) based on spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC). , These sources, however, are probabilistic, and the success rate of the swapping operation is fundamentally limited by the low single-photon emission efficiency . Recently, self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as a promising system for generating deterministic entangled photons with simultaneously high entanglement fidelity and indistinguishability, − crucial for the practical application of ES.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 This paradigm appears in quantum modules, such as quantum repeaters, 5,6 and can be physically implemented by leveraging entanglement swapping (ES) between remote nodes mediated by indistinguishable photons. 7,8 Up to now, the most ES demonstrations have been realized by exploiting entangled-photon sources (EPSs) based on spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC). 9,10 These sources, however, are probabilistic, and the success rate of the swapping operation is fundamentally limited by the low single-photon emission efficiency.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain Tuning Self-Assembled Quantum Dots for Energy-Tunable Entangled-Photon Sources Using a Photolithographically Fabricated Microelectromechanical System

Wang

Wei

et al. 2022

ACS Photonics

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Self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) offer versatile sources of quantum light for photonic quantum technologies thanks to their atomic-like discrete energy levels for deterministic generation of single photons. Though, the unavoidable inhomogeneous broadening and the ubiquitous presence of the fine structure splitting (FSS) of the exciton states hamper their use as high-fidelity entangled-photon sources (EPSs) with well-defined energies, core elements in scalable networking quantum applications. To overcome these challenges, in this work, we propose and demonstrate a photolithographically fabricated microelectromechanical system (MEMS) to dynamically control the optical properties of QDs. The device features two orthogonal and independent uniaxial stresses that can tune the exciton energy and the FSS simultaneously, enabling demonstration of energy-tunable EPSs based on self-assembled QDs. The device can be processed by only employing standard photolithography techniques, which alleviates the use of sophisticated device design and fabrications, thus providing a viable route toward the realization of entanglement swapping with all-solid-state quantum emitters.

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Oscillating photonic Bell state from a semiconductor quantum dot for quantum key distribution

Pennacchietti,

Cunard,

Nahar

et al. 2024

Commun Phys

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An on-demand source of bright entangled photon pairs is desirable for quantum key distribution (QKD) and quantum repeaters. The leading candidate to generate such pairs is based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) in non-linear crystals. However, its pair extraction efficiency is limited to 0.1% when operating at near-unity fidelity due to multiphoton emission at high brightness. Quantum dots in photonic nanostructures can in principle overcome this limit, but the devices with high entanglement fidelity (99%) have low pair extraction efficiency (0.01%). Here, we show a measured peak entanglement fidelity of 97.5% ± 0.8% and pair extraction efficiency of 0.65% from an InAsP quantum dot in an InP photonic nanowire waveguide. We show that the generated oscillating two-photon Bell state can establish a secure key for peer-to-peer QKD. Using our time-resolved QKD scheme alleviates the need to remove the quantum dot energy splitting of the intermediate exciton states in the biexciton-exciton cascade.

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Statistical limits for entanglement swapping with semiconductor entangled photon sources

Cited by 4 publications

References 61 publications

A Best-Path Approach to the Design of a Hybrid Space–Ground Quantum Network with Dynamic Constraints

A Best-Path Approach to the Design of a Hybrid Space–Ground Quantum Network with Dynamic Constraints

Strain Tuning Self-Assembled Quantum Dots for Energy-Tunable Entangled-Photon Sources Using a Photolithographically Fabricated Microelectromechanical System

Oscillating photonic Bell state from a semiconductor quantum dot for quantum key distribution

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