“…Although traditional methods have some limitations for site monitoring, such as time-consuming, operose, missing or incomplete information, resulting in a slow flow of information, make effective decision-making difficult, labor-intensive and high expenses (Kimoto et al , 2005; Luo et al , 2018; Naoum, 2015; Omar et al , 2018; Yang et al , 2015), they have been used in several studies to monitor the productivity of different indoor activities (such as tiling, plastering, masonry work, false ceiling boarding and fixing and application of screed) and outdoor activities (such as formwork, reinforcement steel activities, MEP, concrete work and curtain wall) (Alchaer and Issa, 2020; Azhar et al , 2020; Bhatti et al , 2019; Chui et al , 2012; Florez and Cortissoz, 2017; Gouett et al , 2011; Hwang, 2010; Ko and Han, 2015; Kubečková and Smugala, 2020; Mao et al , 2018; Mine et al , 2015; Ouga et al , 2020).…”