Statistical modeling and optimization of ultrasound-assisted sulfuric acid leaching of TiO2 from red mud

Şayan, Enes; Bayramoǧlu, Mahmut

doi:10.1016/s0304-386x(03)00113-0

Cited by 53 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Relatively lower leaching rates of Fe in the case of H 2 SO 4 may result in highly pronounced diffusion barrier effect of Fe enriched oxide for leaching of TiO 2 However, after this time H 2 SO 4 achieves higher kinetics, most probably due to increased Fe leaching with longer reaction times. In the end, H 2 SO 4 yields in higher Ti leaching efficiency as consistent with previous studies [10,11].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

A Mineralogical Assessment on Residues after Acidic Leaching of Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) for Titanium Recovery

Alkan

Schier

Gronen

et al. 2017

Metals

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Due to its alkalinity, red mud produced by the Bayer process may affect both the environment and human health. For this reason, its further utilization instead of disposal is of great importance. Numerous methods have already been studied for hydrometallurgical treatment of red mud, especially for the recovery of various metallic components such as iron, aluminum, titanium or rare earth elements. This study focuses on the extraction of titanium from red mud and in particular the mineralogical changes, induced by leaching. Sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and their combination have been utilized as leaching agents with the same leaching parameters. It has been determined that sulfuric acid is the best candidate for the red mud treatment in terms of titanium leaching efficiency at the end of 2 h with a value of 67.3%. Moreover, samples from intermediate times of reaction revealed that leaching of Ti exhibit various reaction rates at different times of reaction depending on acid type. In order to explain differences, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and QEMSCAN techniques were utilized. Beside titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) with available free surface area, a certain amount of the TiO 2 was detected as entrapped in Fe dominating oxide. These associations between Ti and Fe phases were used to explain different leaching reaction rates and a reaction mechanism was proposed to open a process window.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

A Mineralogical Assessment on Residues after Acidic Leaching of Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) for Titanium Recovery

Alkan

Schier

Gronen

et al. 2017

Metals

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“…However, TiO 2+ cation dominated in the acidic aqueous solution when the pH was lower than 1.3. In sulfate solutions, titanium formed electrically neutral and anionic complexes, since the SO 4 2− and HSO 4 − ions took part in complex formation. In sulfuric acid, species such as TiOSO 4, TiO-(SO 4 ) 2 2− and Ti(SO 4 ) 3 2− formed with increasing sulfate concentration and TiO(SO 4 ) 2 2− would predominate when the concentration of SO 4 2− rangeed from 0.5 to 10 mol/L.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Red mud, a solid waste residue formed after the caustic digestion of bauxite ores during the production of aluminum, contains quantities of titanium and may be considered as their secondary raw material. Generally, the process proposed for the recovery of titanium dioxide from red mud required the leaching of red mud by H 2 SO 4 1−4 or HCl 5 followed by hydrolysis or extraction of sulfate/hydrochloride. Many extractants were tested for the extraction of titanium(IV) from aqueous acid solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Separation and Concentration of Titanium(IV) from Sulfuric Acid Solution with Trioctylamine

Wang

Jiang

Fan

et al. 2012

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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This paper presents research on separating and concentrating titanium(IV) from aqueous sulfuric acid solution, using trioctylamine (TOA) as extractant and kerosene as a diluent. We investigated the effects of reaction time, temperature, sulfuric acid concentration, organic/aqueous phase ratio, TOA concentration, and titanium concentration on the removal efficiency of titanium(IV). The results show that it is possible to recover over 99% of titanium(IV) after 15 min reaction time by TOA from the sulfuric acid solution under the optimum operation conditions and the loading capacity of TOA for titanium(IV) is 30 g Ti(IV)/100 g TOA. We expect that results studied would be applicable to separate and concentrate titanium from secondary sources such as red mud produced in the aluminum/alumina industry.

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“…Moreover, some researchers combined the ultrasound, microwave, pressure into the leaching process for the dissolution of silver from spent solid materials 28,29) . These measures can facilitate the dissolution of metals and increase the diffusion coefficient of soluble species 30) . Nevertheless, these techniques demand high investment of instrument and are only utilized in the bench-scale experiments.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching of Gold and Silver from Anode Slime with Inorganic Reagents

Xing¹,

이기웅²,

Lee³

2017

Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling

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) together with thiourea and thiosulfate solution to recover gold and silver. Gold was not dissolved at all into these inorganic acids in the absence of any oxidizing agents. At the same concentration of inorganic acid, the leaching of percentage of Ag was the highest in the sulfuric acid solution. The leaching percentage of silver increased with the increase of HCl concentration owing to the formation of AgCl 2 − . Copper, nickel and zinc except tin was almost dissolved in these inorganic acids but no tin was dissolved in nitric acid solution. Most of Au and Ag were dissolved into the mixture of sulfuric acid and thiourea solution. Thiosulfate could dissolve some silver from the anode slime but no gold was dissolved by this agent.

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Statistical modeling and optimization of ultrasound-assisted sulfuric acid leaching of TiO2 from red mud

Cited by 53 publications

References 8 publications

A Mineralogical Assessment on Residues after Acidic Leaching of Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) for Titanium Recovery

A Mineralogical Assessment on Residues after Acidic Leaching of Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) for Titanium Recovery

The Separation and Concentration of Titanium(IV) from Sulfuric Acid Solution with Trioctylamine

Leaching of Gold and Silver from Anode Slime with Inorganic Reagents

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