Statistical Modelling and Characterization of Experimental mm-Wave Indoor Channels for Future 5G Wireless Communication Networks

Al-Samman, Ahmed M.; Rahman, Tharek Abd; Azmi, Marwan Hadri; Hindia, Mohammad Nour; Khan, Imdad; Hanafi, Effariza

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0163034

Cited by 72 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This model is not a physically based model; however, it is suitable for some bands and environments, where the floating-intercept ( ) parameter is close to the FSPL at 1 m and the slope line ( ) is comparable to the PLE. The FI model is defined as [11,38] …”

Section: Path Loss Models Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several channel measurements have been conducted at some mmWave bands such as 6,10,11,15,18,19,26,28,32, and 38 GHz bands. In [11], the propagation characteristics of mmWaves were investigated in an indoor corridor environment for the line of sight (LOS) scenario at 6.5, 10.5, 15, 19, 28, and 38 GHz bands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [11], the propagation characteristics of mmWaves were investigated in an indoor corridor environment for the line of sight (LOS) scenario at 6.5, 10.5, 15, 19, 28, and 38 GHz bands. In [12], frequency domain measurements were conducted at 28 GHz in a laboratory using a vector network analyzer (VNA) with 1 GHz bandwidth and 1 ns time resolution to estimate the channel parameters for multipath components (MPCs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor Corridor Wideband Radio Propagation Measurements and Channel Models for 5G Millimeter Wave Wireless Communications at 19 GHz, 28 GHz, and 38 GHz Bands

Al-Samman

Rahman

Azmi

2018

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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This paper presents millimeter wave (mmWave) measurements in an indoor environment. The high demands for the future applications in the 5G system require more capacity. In the microwave band below 6 GHz, most of the available bands are occupied; hence, the microwave band above 6 GHz and mmWave band can be used for the 5G system to cover the bandwidth required for all 5G applications. In this paper, the propagation characteristics at three different bands above 6 GHz (19, 28, and 38 GHz) are investigated in an indoor corridor environment for line of sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) scenarios. Five different path loss models are studied for this environment, namely, close-in (CI) free space path loss, floating-intercept (FI), frequency attenuation (FA) path loss, alpha-beta-gamma (ABG), and close-in free space reference distance with frequency weighting (CIF) models. Important statistical properties, such as power delay profile (PDP), root mean square (RMS) delay spread, and azimuth angle spread, are obtained and compared for different bands. The results for the path loss model found that the path loss exponent (PLE) and line slope values for all models are less than the free space path loss exponent of 2. The RMS delay spread for all bands is low for the LOS scenario, and only the directed path is contributed in some spatial locations. For the NLOS scenario, the angle of arrival (AOA) is extensively investigated, and the results indicated that the channel propagation for 5G using high directional antenna should be used in the beamforming technique to receive the signal and collect all multipath components from different angles in a particular mobile location.

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Section: Path Loss Models Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor Corridor Wideband Radio Propagation Measurements and Channel Models for 5G Millimeter Wave Wireless Communications at 19 GHz, 28 GHz, and 38 GHz Bands

Al-Samman

Rahman

Azmi

2018

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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“…The 3 GHz-30 GHz spectrum is defined as the super high frequency (SHF) band, while 30-300 GHz spectrum is assigned to the extremely high frequency (EHF) or millimeter-wave band (mmWave) [3]. Because radio waves in the SHF and EHF bands share similar propagation characteristics, the 3-300 GHz spectrum, with wavelengths ranging from 1 mm-100 mm, can be referred to as the EHF bands [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Measurements and Modeling at 6 GHz in the Tunnel Environments for 5G Wireless Systems

Liu

Lin

et al. 2017

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Propagation measurements of wireless channels performed in the tunnel environments at 6 GHz are presented in this paper. Propagation characteristics are simulated and analyzed based on the method of shooting and bouncing ray tracing/image (SBR/IM). A good agreement is achieved between the measured results and simulated results, so the correctness of SBR/IM method has been validated. The measured results and simulated results are analyzed in terms of path loss models, received power, root mean square (RMS) delay spread, Ricean K-factor, and angle of arrival (AOA). The omnidirectional path loss models are characterized based on close-in (CI) free-space reference distance model and the alpha-beta-gamma (ABG) model. Path loss exponents (PLEs) are 1.50-1.74 in line-of-sight (LOS) scenarios and 2.18-2.20 in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios. Results show that CI model with the reference distance of 1 m provides more accuracy and stability in tunnel scenarios. The RMS delay spread values vary between 2.77 ns and 18.76 ns. Specially, the Poisson distribution best fits the measured data of RMS delay spreads for LOS scenarios and the Gaussian distribution best fits the measured data of RMS delay spreads for NLOS scenarios. Moreover, the normal distribution provides good fits to the Ricean K-factor. The analysis of the abovementioned results from channel measurements and simulations may be utilized for the design of wireless communications of future 5G radio systems at 6 GHz.

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“…Directional antennas have been utilized in emerging wireless networks such as the millimeter-wave (MMW) networks for providing highly reliable transmission and multi-Gigabit data rates. This is mainly due to their capabilities in enlarging the transmission range and limiting the interference [20,21]. However, In CRNs, equipping SUs with directional antennas for channel rendezvous can bring about many advantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Sector and Channel Hopping Schemes for Efficient Rendezvous in Directional Antenna Cognitive Radio Networks

Al-Mqdashi

Sali

Noordin

et al. 2017

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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Rendezvous is a prerequisite and important process for secondary users (SUs) to establish data communications in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). Recently, there has been a proliferation of different channel hopping-(CH-) based schemes that can provide rendezvous without relying on any predetermined common control channel. However, the existing CH schemes were designed with omnidirectional antennas which can degrade their rendezvous performance when applied in CRNs that are highly crowded with primary users (PUs). In such networks, the large number of PUs may lead to the inexistence of any common available channel between neighboring SUs which result in a failure of their rendezvous process. In this paper, we consider the utilization of directional antennas in CRNs for tackling the issue. Firstly, we propose two coprimality-based sector hopping (SH) schemes that can provide efficient pairwise sector rendezvous in directional antenna CRNs (DIR-CRNs). Then, we propose an efficient CH scheme that can be combined within the SH schemes for providing a simultaneous sector and channel rendezvous. The guaranteed rendezvous of our schemes are proven by deriving the theoretical upper bounds of their rendezvous delay metrics. Furthermore, extensive simulation comparisons with other related rendezvous schemes are conducted to illustrate the significant outperformance of our schemes.

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Statistical Modelling and Characterization of Experimental mm-Wave Indoor Channels for Future 5G Wireless Communication Networks

Cited by 72 publications

References 60 publications

Indoor Corridor Wideband Radio Propagation Measurements and Channel Models for 5G Millimeter Wave Wireless Communications at 19 GHz, 28 GHz, and 38 GHz Bands

Indoor Corridor Wideband Radio Propagation Measurements and Channel Models for 5G Millimeter Wave Wireless Communications at 19 GHz, 28 GHz, and 38 GHz Bands

Channel Measurements and Modeling at 6 GHz in the Tunnel Environments for 5G Wireless Systems

Combined Sector and Channel Hopping Schemes for Efficient Rendezvous in Directional Antenna Cognitive Radio Networks

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